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Table 1 Characteristics of included trials

From: Rescaling pain intensity measures for meta-analyses of analgesic medicines for low back pain appears justified: an empirical examination from randomised trials

Trial

Interventions (number of participants analysed)

Timepoints

Scales

Notes

Cloutier 2013 [24]

Oxycodone/naloxone (83)

Placebo (83)

4 weeks

0 to 100 VAS

5-point scale a

Crossover design. Analysed like parallel design with 83 participants in each group

Dreiser 2003 [25]

Diclofenac (124)

Ibuprofen (122)

Placebo (123)

Baseline

0 to 100 VAS

4-point scale b

 

Eken 2004

Acetaminophen (46)

Morphine (45)

Dexketoprofen (46)

Baseline

15 min

30 min

0 to 100 VAS

4-point scale a

Data converted from median (range)

Friedman 2006 [27]

Methylprednisolone (39)

Placebo (43)

Baseline

1 week

3 months

0 to 10 NRS

4-point scale b

Individual patient data provided

Friedman 2015 [3]

Cyclobenzaprine (103)

Oxycodone/acetaminophen (104)

Placebo (104)

1 week

3 months

0 to 10 NRS

4-point scale b

Individual patient data provided

Goforth 2014 [28]

Eszopiclone (32)

Placebo (20)

Baseline

1 week

2 weeks

4 weeks

0 to 100 VAS

5-point scale a

 

Gordon 2010a [29]

Buprenorphine (78)

Placebo (78)

4 weeks

0 to 100 VAS

5-point scale a

Crossover design. Analysed like parallel design with 78 participants in each group based on ITT analysis

Gordon 2010b [30]

Buprenorphine (79)

Placebo (79)

4 weeks

0 to 100 VAS

5-point scale a

Crossover design. Analysed like parallel design with 79 participants in each group based on ITT analysis

Innes 1998 [31]

Ketorolac (62)

Acetaminophen (60)

Baseline

0 to 100 VAS

5-point scale b

 

Lasko 2012 [32]

Tramadol (141)

Placebo (136)

Baseline

0 to 10 NRS

4-point scale a

 

O’Donnell 2009 [34]

Celecoxib (396)

Tramadol (396)

6 weeks

0 to 10 NRS c

0 to 100 VAS

Data presented as change from baseline

Thurel 1991 [33]

Codeine (25)

Dextropropoxyphene (25)

Baseline

0 to 100 VAS

5-point scale b

 
  1. a Numerical values assigned to categorical pain intensity scale by trial investigators
  2. b Numerical values not assigned in the trial
  3. c Two 0 to 10 scales were used – a NRS and the modified Brief Pain Inventory