Table 1 Summary of studies
Study | Use case | Purpose | Study design | Sample | Recruitment | Gratification | Available material |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Early childhood allergy prevention | To explore how German health professionals in ambulatory care take up, make sense of and transfer research evidence on ECAP to their patients’ families and how they consider HL challenges in their ECAP counselling and organization of their practice setting | Qualitative: semi-structured individual telephone interviews | Health professionals (N = 43) • midwives (n = 24) • pediatrics (n = 19) | • multipliers (professional associations) • cold calling • snowballing | €50 | • Email responses by participants and recruitment partners • Notes of conversations before and after the actual interview • Notes from telephone calls and personal conversations |
2 | a) Early childhood allergy prevention | To explore parents of infants’ awareness, relevance, knowledge, information behaviour, information appraisal and information preferences | Qualitative: semi-structured digital and non-digital focus groups; individual telephone interviews Descriptive: health literacy survey, socio-demographic data | Parents (N = 114) • Parents-to-be, or • with infant children • with and without allergy history | • multipliers (professional healthcare, social, and patient organisations, pediatrics, midwives, allergists, childcare) • digital and non-digital approach • local and (supra)regional contacts • individual, face-to-face recruitment (e.g. playgrounds) • snowballing | €30 / €50 | • Email responses by participants and recruitment partners • Notes of conversations before and after the actual interview and focus group • Individual tracing of each participant’s way into the study |
b) COVID-19 infection prevention | To explore parents of infants’ information behaviour, trust-based behaviour and information needs and preferences | Parents of infant children (N = 30): • Arabic (n = 10) • German (n = 20) | €30 | ||||
3 | Early childhood allergy prevention; COVID-19 infection prevention | To develop and validate a measurement instrument for parental health literacy | Quantitative: 3-staged online questionnaire (45 min each) | Parents (N = 492) • Parents-to-be, or • with infant children • with and without allergy history | • multipliers (health insurance, healthcare staff, pediatrics, midwifes, kindergarten, clearing offices) • digital and non-digital approach • visual (flyers, posters) & audible (radio contribution) • individual/private (individual contacts) and public (e.g. playgrounds) • local and (supra-)regional contacts • snowballing | • €30 • lay summary of ECAP evidence • expert lecture and Q&A event | • Email responses from participants and recruitment partners • Notes from Telephone calls and personal conversations with participants • Quantitative data on recruitment pathway, allergy status, and COVID-19 infection status, summative assessment of study participation |
4 | Early childhood allergy prevention | To strengthen patient and public involvement in the process of conducting research for specific target groups | Qualitative: participatory study, face-to-face groups | Parents (N = 14) • Parents-to-be, or • with infant children • with allergy history | • multipliers (patient organization, nursery schools, kindergarten) • private, individual contacts • previous studies | • €30 • Compensation for travel expenses | • Email responses from participants • Notes from personal conversations with participants before and after the actual focus group |