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Table 1 Main results of the LMM and JM fitted to the clinical trial data

From: When a joint model should be preferred over a linear mixed model for analysis of longitudinal health-related quality of life data in cancer clinical trials

 

HRQoL score trajectory

Risk of dropout

Time effect

Arm-by-time interaction effect

Arm effect

Association with HRQoL

LMM

JM

LMM

JM

JM

JM

\({\hat{\beta}}_1\) [95% CI]

p

\({\hat{\beta}}_1\) [95% CI]

p

\({\hat{\beta}}_2\) [95% CI]

p

\({\hat{\beta}}_2\) [95% CI]

p

\({\hat{\gamma}}_1\) [95% CI]

p

\(\hat{\alpha}\) [95% CI]

p

GLOBAL HEALTH STATUS/HRQoL

 Global health status/HRQoL

0.63 [− 0.17; 1.42]

0.121

0.31 [− 0.45; 1.07]

0.420

1.18 [0.25; 2.10]

0.013

1.19 [0.34; 2.03]

0.006

−0.43 [− 0.72; − 0.15]

0.003

− 0.029 [− 0.041; − 0.016]

< 104

FUNCTIONAL SCALES

 Physical functioning

− 0.33 [− 1.17; 0.51]

0.439

− 0.77 [− 1.68; 0.15]

0.101

0.64 [− 0.38; 1.66]

0.222

0.86 [− 0.12; 1.85]

0.086

− 0.66 [− 0.95; − 0.37]

< 104

−0.028 [− 0.036; − 0.020]

< 104

 Role functioning

0.80 [− 0.38; 1.98]

0.183

0.27 [− 0.93; 1.46]

0.663

1.10 [− 0.27; 2.47]

0.116

1.25 [− 0.08; 2.57]

0.065

− 0.57 [− 0.86; − 0.29]

< 104

− 0.018 [− 0.024; − 0.012]

< 104

 Social functioning

0.11 [− 0.92; 1.15]

0.831

− 0.35 [− 1.44; 0.75]

0.533

1.15 [− 0.07; 2.37]

0.065

1.32 [0.09; 2.55]

0.036

− 0.57 [− 0.84; − 0.29]

< 104

−0.017 [− 0.022; − 0.012]

< 104

SYMPTOM SCALES

 Fatigue

− 1.30 [− 2.35; − 0.24]

0.016

−0.78 [− 1.84; 0.28]

0.148

−0.51 [− 1.76; 0.74]

0.422

− 0.72 [− 1.90; 0.47]

0.235

−0.63 [− 0.91; − 0.35]

< 104

0.019 [0.012; 0.026]

< 104

 Pain

−2.47 [−3.54; − 1.40]

< 103

−1.99 [− 3.01; − 0.98]

< 103

−1.01 [− 2.21; 0.19]

0.098

−0.88 [− 2.00; 0.24]

0.125

− 0.50 [− 0.77; − 0.22]

< 103

0.017 [0.007; 0.026]

< 103

  1. HRQoL Health-related quality of life, JM Joint model, LMM Linear mixed model, CI Confidence interval