Joint modelling of longitudinal processes and time-to-event outcomes in heart failure: systematic review and exemplar examining the relationship between serum digoxin levels and mortality

Table 1 Formulation of JMs Included in Exemplar

JM	LME	Cox PH	Time dependent parameter	Time dependent slope parameter
1	Unadjusted	Unadjusted	Y	N
2	Adjusted^a	Adjusted^b	Y	N
3	Adjusted^a	Adjusted^b	N	Y
4	Adjusted^a	Adjusted^b	Y	Y

Legend: ^aAdjusted for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), patient reported self-adherence, hours since last dose of the study drug and dose
^bAdjusted for age, sex, ejection fraction, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, history of hypertension, ischemic etiology of heart failure and Body Mass Index (BMI)

ISSN: 1471-2288