Joint modelling of longitudinal processes and time-to-event outcomes in heart failure: systematic review and exemplar examining the relationship between serum digoxin levels and mortality

Field, Ryan J.; Adamson, Carly; Jhund, Pardeep; Lewsey, Jim

doi:10.1186/s12874-023-01918-4

Table 2 Summary of Longitudinal Data of Included Studies

From: Joint modelling of longitudinal processes and time-to-event outcomes in heart failure: systematic review and exemplar examining the relationship between serum digoxin levels and mortality

Paper	Primary Longitudinal Data Type	Longitudinal Data	List of Biomarkers
Abebaw et al., 2021 [18]	Biomarker	Pulse Rate	Pulse Rate
Alvarez-Alvarez et al., 2021 [19]	Imaging Parameters	Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Arnold et al., 2019 [20]	Functional Parameters	Health Status: KCCQ-OS
Belay et al., 2021 [21]	Biomarker	Pulse Rate	Pulse Rate
Biegus et al., 2019 [22]	Biomarker	Meld-XI	Creatinine, Bilirubin
Bouwens et al., 2019 [23]	Biomarker	Cardiac Remodelling Biomarkers	ST2, Gal-3, Gal-4, GDF-15, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-4, PLC, AP-N, CASP3, CTSD, CTSZ, CSTB, NT-ProBNP
Bouwens et al., 2020 [24]	Biomarker	Cell Adhesion Circulation Biomarkers	SELP, SELE, CDH5, ICAM-2, PECAM-1, C1qR, CHI3L1, CNTN1, EPHB4, Ep-CAM, ITGB2, JAM-A
Bouwens et al., 2020 [25]	Biomarker	Multiple Biomarkers	CCL15, CC16, CCL24, CXCL16, FAS, IL-1RT1, IL-1RT2, IL-17RA, IL-18BP, IL2-RA, IL-6RA, LTBR, TNF-R1, TNF-R2, TNFRSF10C, TNFRSF14, TNFSF13B
Brankovic et al., 2017 [26]	Biomarker	Renal Markers	Creatinine, eGFR, CysC, KIM-1, NAG, NAGL
Canepa et al., 2020 [27]	Biomarker	Multiple Biomarkers	SBP, Heart Rate, Haemoglobin, Creatinine, Uric Acid
Castelvecchio et al., 2018 [28]	Biomarker	Natriuretic Peptides	NT-ProBNP
Freedland et al., 2021 [29]	Functional Parameters	Depression: PHQ-9
Hurst et al., 2019 [30]	Biomarker	Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase	LDH
Kelly et al., 2020 [31]	Functional Parameters	Physical Activity reported by ICD or CRT-D (Accelerometer Measurement of > 25 mg)
Klimczak-Tomaniak et al., 2020 [32]	Biomarker	Macrophage and Neutrophil Related Biomarkers	M130(CD163), TRAP, GRN, SPON1, PGLYRP1, TFPI
Liu et al., 2018 [33]	Biomarker	Growth-Differentiation Factor	GDF-15
Nunez et al., 2014 [17]	Biomarker	Red Blood Cell Distribution Width	RDW
Nunez et al., 2017 [34]	Biomarker	Carbohydrate Antigen, Natriuretic Peptide	NT-ProBNP, CA125
Schreuder et al., 2021 [35]	Biomarker	Multiple Biomarkers	NT-ProBNP, HsTNT, CRP, Creatinine, eGFR, CysC, NAG, KIM-1
van Boven et al., 2017 [36]	Biomarker	MicroRNAs	miR-1254, miR-22-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-486-5p, miR-320a, miR-345-5p, miR-378a-3p
van Boven et al., 2018 [37]	Biomarker	Multiple Biomarkers	NT-ProBNP, HsTNT, CRP
van den Berg et al., 2019 [38]	Biomarker	Fibrinolysis Factors	PAI-1, tPA, uPA, suPAR
van den Berg et al., 2019 [39]	Imaging Parameters	Echocardiographic Parameters
van den Berge et al., 2021 [40]	Imaging Parameters	Remodelling Parameters: LVEF, LVED, LVES
van Vark et al., 2017 [41]	Biomarker	Galectin-3	Gal-3
van Vark et al., 2017 [42]	Biomarker	ST2	ST2
Veen et al., 2021 [43]	Imaging Parameters	Tricuspid regurgitation
Zhang et al., 2018 [44]	Biomarker	Natriuretic Peptides	NT-ProBNP

Legend: AP-N aminopeptidase-N, CASP3 caspase-3, CSTB cystatin-B, CTSD cathepsin D, CTSZ cathepsin Z, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, Gal-3 galectin-3, Gal-4 galectin-4, GDF-15 growth differentiation factor 15, HsTnT highly sensitive cardia45c troponin T, MMP-2, 3, and 9 matrix metalloproteinase 2, 3, and 9, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide, PLC perlecan, ST2 suppression of tumorigenicity-2, TIMP-4 tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 4, C1qR Complement component C1q receptor, CDH5 Cadherin 5, CHI3L1 Chitinase-3-like protein 1, CNTN1 Contactin-1, Ep-CAM Epithelial cell adhesion molecule, EPHB4 Ephrin type-B receptor 4, ICAM-2 Intercellular adhesion molecule-2, ITGB2 Integrin beta-2, JAM-A Junctional adhesion molecule A, PECAM-1 Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, SELE E-selectin, SELP P-selectin, CCL15 C–C motif chemokine 15, CCL16 C–C motif chemokine 16, CCL24 C–C motif chemokine 24, CXCL16 C-X-C motif chemokine 16, FAS tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6, IL-18BP interleukin-18-binding protein, IL-17RA interleukin-17 receptor A, IL2-RA interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha, IL-6RA interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha, IL-1RT1 interleukin-1 receptor type 1, IL-1RT2 interleukin-1 receptor type 2, LTBR lymphotoxin b receptor, TNF-R1 tumour necrosis factor receptor 1, TNF-R2 tumour necrosis factor receptor 2, TNFRSF14 tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14, TNFRSF10C tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10C, TNFSF13B tumour necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B, CysC cystatin C, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, NAG N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, KIM-1 kidney injury molecule, NGAL plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, NT-ProBNP N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9, CD163 (M130) scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130, TRAP tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5, GRN granulins, SPON1 spondin-1, PGLYRP1 peptidoglycan recognition protein 1, TFPI tissue factor pathway inhibitor, GDF-15 Growth-differentiation factor-15, RDW Red Blood Cell Distribution Width, CA125 Carbohydrate Antigen 125, miRs microRNAs, CRP C-reactive protein, PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, tPA tissue-type plasminogen activator, uPA urokinase-type plasminogen activator, suPAR soluble urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction, LVED left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVES left ventricular end-systolic diameter

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