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Fig. 3 | BMC Medical Research Methodology

Fig. 3

From: A new pathway for considering trigger factors based on parallel-serial connection models and displaying the relationships of causal factors in low-probability events

Fig. 3

The parallel and serial-connection model of a complex event with an observed factor, a trigger factor and a confounding factor. A pattern for exposed group; B pattern for non-exposed group. The expectation that the incidence in the exposure group may be not 1: (A) due to an observed factor acting with a trigger factor; and (B) the expectation that the incidence in the non-exposure group may be not zero due to confounding factors acting with a trigger factor

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