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Table 3 Overview of rare diseases and first and composite disease-specific disease severity scales (year of publication)

From: Neutral theory: applicability and neutrality of clinical study endpoints where a disease-specific instrument is available

Disease

First disease-specific DSS

Composite disease-specific DSS

[total number of indicators]

[total number of indicators, number of duplicates excluded]

Acromegaly

Clinical Activity Score of Acromegaly (1992) [17]

Clinical Activity Score of Acromegaly (1992)

Acroscore (2015)

ACRODAT® (2017) [3, 26]

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Appel ALS Rating Scale (1987) [20]

Appel ALS Rating Scale (1987)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Severity Score (1989)

Modified Norris Scale (1996)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (1999)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Utility Index (2005)

Japan ALS Severity Classification (2012) [71, 7]

Charcot Marie Tooth disease

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy Score (2007) [9]

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy Score (2007)

CMT Neuropathy Score (2011)

CMT Examination Score (2011)

CMT Pediatric Scale (2012)

Mobility-Disability Severity Index (2014) [16, 26]

Cystic fibrosis

The Shwachman-Kulczycki Score (1958) [20]

The Shwachman-Kulczycki Score (1958)

Brasfield Score (1979)

Cystic Fibrosis Clinical Score (1999)

Matouk Clinical Score (2004)

Chrispin–Norman Score (2005) [61, 10]

Encephalitis

The Status Epilepticus Severity Score (2008) [4]

The Status Epilepticus Severity Score (2008)

END IT Score (2016)

The Epidemiology-Based Mortality Score in Status Epilepticus (2015)

The Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (2019) [43, 2]

Fabry disease

The Mainz Severity Score Index (2003) [25]

The Mainz Severity Score Index (2003)

FD Severity Scoring System (2009) [37, 0]

Friedreich ataxia

The International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (1997) [24]

The International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (1997)

The Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (2004)

Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale (2010) [50, 6]

Gaucher disease type I

Gaucher Disease Severity Score Index – Type I (2008) [15]

Gaucher Disease Severity Score Index – Type I (2008)

The Disease Severity Scoring System (2015) [1, 25]

Huntington’s disease

The Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale Motor Score (2013) [7]

The Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale Motor Score (2013)

Problem Behaviors Assessment for Huntington Disease (2015) [18, 0]

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Clinical Disease Activity Index for RA (2005) [4]

Clinical Disease Activity Index for RA (2005)

Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (2009) [8, 0]

Sjogren’s syndrome

EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (2010) [6]

EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (2010) [6]

The Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance Ocular Staining Score (2015) [11, 0]

Tourette syndrome

Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (1977) [15]

Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (1977) [15]

The Shapiro Tourette Syndrome Severity Scale Score (2004)

Premonitory Urge for Tic Disorders Scale (2012) [28, 0]