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  1. When data is distributed across multiple sites, sharing information at the individual level among sites may be difficult. In these multi-site studies, propensity score model can be fitted with data within each...

    Authors: Chen Huang, Kecheng Wei, Ce Wang, Yongfu Yu and Guoyou Qin
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:233
  2. In observational studies, double robust or multiply robust (MR) approaches provide more protection from model misspecification than the inverse probability weighting and g-computation for estimating the avera...

    Authors: Ce Wang, Kecheng Wei, Chen Huang, Yongfu Yu and Guoyou Qin
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:231
  3. This study investigated the associations between the number of authors and collective self-citations versus citations by others.

    Authors: Cyril Jaksic, Angèle Gayet-Ageron and Thomas Perneger
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:230

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:260

  4. Selecting and collecting data to support appropriate primary and secondary outcomes is a critical step in designing trials that can change clinical practice. In this study, we aimed to investigate who contribu...

    Authors: Heidi R. Green, Annabel Dawson, Adel Elfeky, David Pickles, Shaun Treweek and Katie Gillies
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:229
  5. Participants in epidemiological cohorts may not be representative of the full invited population, limiting the generalizability of prevalence and incidence estimates. We propose that this problem can be remedi...

    Authors: Anton Nilsson, Jonas Björk, Ulf Strömberg and Carl Bonander
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:228
  6. Observational studies using causal inference frameworks can provide a feasible alternative to randomized controlled trials. Advances in statistics, machine learning, and access to big data facilitate unravelin...

    Authors: Ivan Olier, Yiqiang Zhan, Xiaoyu Liang and Victor Volovici
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:227
  7. Systematic reviews answer research questions through a defined methodology. It is a complex task and multiple articles need to be referred to acquire wide range of required knowledge to conduct a systematic re...

    Authors: Mayura Thilanka Iddagoda and Leon Flicker
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:226
  8. INTEROCC is a seven-country cohort study of occupational exposures and brain cancer risk, including occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). In the absence of data on individual exposures, a Job ...

    Authors: Tamer Oraby, Santanu Chakraborty, Siva Sivaganesan, Laurel Kincl, Lesley Richardson, Mary McBride, Jack Siemiatycki, Elisabeth Cardis and Daniel Krewski
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:225
  9. Currently, there are no guidelines for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tailored to the context of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Adaptation of guidelines accounts for contextual factors and beco...

    Authors: Joanne Khabsa, Sally Yaacoub, Mohammed A. Omair, Hanan Al Rayes and Elie A. Akl
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:224
  10. Network meta-analysis compares multiple interventions and estimates the relative treatment effects between all interventions, combining both direct and indirect evidence. Recently, a framework was developed to...

    Authors: Virginia Chiocchia, Alexander Holloway and Georgia Salanti
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:223
  11. People with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) face disability- and travel-related barriers to research participation. We investigate the usefulness and acceptability of asynchronous, online focus groups (AOF...

    Authors: Shelagh K. Genuis, Westerly Luth, Garnette Weber, Tania Bubela and Wendy S. Johnston
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:222
  12. Determining risk factors of single-vehicle run-off-road (SV-ROR) crashes, as a significant number of all the single-vehicle crashes and all the fatalities, may provide infrastructure for quicker and more effec...

    Authors: Fatemeh Jahanjoo, Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi and Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:221
  13. In medical, social, and behavioral research we often encounter datasets with a multilevel structure and multiple correlated dependent variables. These data are frequently collected from a study population that...

    Authors: Xynthia Kavelaars, Joris Mulder and Maurits Kaptein
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:220
  14. Cross-sectional studies are useful for the estimation of prevalence of a particular event with concerns in specific populations, as in the case of diseases or other public health interests. Most of these studi...

    Authors: Milcíades Ibáñez-Pinilla, Sara Villalba-Niño and Nury N. Olaya-Galán
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:219
  15. The advent of clinical trial data sharing platforms has created opportunities for making new discoveries and answering important questions using already collected data. However, existing methods for meta-analy...

    Authors: Vivek A. Rudrapatna, Vignesh G. Ravindranath, Douglas V. Arneson, Arman Mosenia, Atul J. Butte and Shan Wang
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:218
  16. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a peer chain-recruitment method for populations without a sampling frame or that are hard-to-reach. Although RDS is usually done face-to-face, the online version (WebRDS) ha...

    Authors: Pedro Ferrer-Rosende, María Feijoo-Cid, María Isabel Fernández-Cano, Sergio Salas-Nicás, Valeria Stuardo-Ávila and Albert Navarro-Giné
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:217
  17. Fractures are rare events and can occur because of a fall. Fracture counts are distinct from other count data in that these data are positively skewed, inflated by excess zero counts, and events can recur over...

    Authors: Anower Hossain, Ranjit Lall, Chen Ji, Julie Bruce, Martin Underwood and Sarah E. Lamb
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:216
  18. Gravity models are often hard to apply in practice due to their data-hungry nature. Standard implementations of gravity models require that data on each variable is available for each supply node. Since these ...

    Authors: Timo Latruwe, Marlies Van der Wee, Pieter Vanleenhove, Kwinten Michielsen, Sofie Verbrugge and Didier Colle
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:215
  19. Patient-Reported Outcomes or Experience Measures (PROMS / PREMS) are routinely used in clinical studies to assess participants’ views and experiences of trial interventions and related quality of life. Purely ...

    Authors: Andrew Symon, Kate Lightly, Rachel Howard, Shuchita Mundle, Brian Faragher, Molly Hanley, Jill Durocher, Beverly Winikoff and Andrew Weeks
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:214
  20. Configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance have been indicators of bias-free statistical cross-group comparisons, although they are difficult to verify in the data. Low comparability of translated q...

    Authors: Natalja Menold, Louise Biddle, Hagen von Hermanni, Jasmin Kadel and Kayvan Bozorgmehr
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:213
  21. Healthcare, as with other sectors, has undergone progressive digitalization, generating an ever-increasing wealth of data that enables research and the analysis of patient movement. This can help to evaluate t...

    Authors: Amelie Flothow, Anna Novelli and Leonie Sundmacher
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:212
  22. Barriers to mental health research participation are well documented including distrust of services and research; and stigma surrounding mental health. They can contribute to a lack of diversity amongst partic...

    Authors: Mais Iflaifel, Charlotte L Hall, Heidi R Green, Andrew Willis, Stefan Rennick-Egglestone, Edmund Juszczak, Mark Townsend, Jennifer Martin and Kirsty Sprange
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:211
  23. Epidemiological surveys offer essential data on adolescent substance use. Nevertheless, the precision of these self-report-based surveys often faces mistrust from researchers and the public. We evaluate the ef...

    Authors: Janaka V. Kosgolla, Douglas C. Smith, Shahana Begum and Crystal A. Reinhart
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:210
  24. Random Forests are a powerful and frequently applied Machine Learning tool. The permutation variable importance (VIMP) has been proposed to improve the explainability of such a pure prediction model. It descri...

    Authors: Christoph Wies, Robert Miltenberger, Gunter Grieser and Antje Jahn-Eimermacher
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:209
  25. Health and social care interventions are often complex and can be decomposed into multiple components. Multicomponent interventions are often evaluated in randomised controlled trials. Across trials, intervent...

    Authors: Suzanne C. Freeman, Elnaz Saeedi, José M. Ordóñez-Mena, Clareece R. Nevill, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Deborah M. Caldwell, Nicky J. Welton, Nicola J. Cooper and Alex J. Sutton
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:208
  26. Intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) and the risk adjusted equivalent (RALOS) have been used as quality metrics. The latter measures entail either ratio or difference formulations or ICU random effec...

    Authors: John L. Moran, Graeme J. Duke, John D. Santamaria and Ariel Linden
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:207
  27. Stepped-wedge cluster randomized trials (SWCRTs) are a type of cluster-randomized trial in which clusters are randomized to cross-over to the active intervention sequentially at regular intervals during the st...

    Authors: Clement Ma, Alina Lee, Darren Courtney, David Castle and Wei Wang
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:206
  28. Patterns of survey response and the characteristics associated with response over time in longitudinal studies are important to discern for the development of tailored retention efforts aimed at minimizing res...

    Authors: Claire A. Kolaja, Jennifer N. Belding, Satbir K. Boparai, Sheila F. Castañeda, Toni Rose Geronimo-Hara, Teresa M. Powell, Xin M. Tu, Jennifer L. Walstrom, Beverly D. Sheppard and Rudolph P. Rull
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:205
  29. Non-experimental studies (also known as observational studies) are valuable for estimating the effects of various medical interventions, but are notoriously difficult to evaluate because the methods used in no...

    Authors: Ethan Steinberg, Nikolaos Ignatiadis, Steve Yadlowsky, Yizhe Xu and Nigam Shah
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:204
  30. Studies have suggested that agreement between administrative health data and self-report for asthma status ranges from fair to good, but few studies benefited from administrative health data over a long period...

    Authors: Marie-Claude Rousseau, Florence Conus, Mariam El-Zein, Andrea Benedetti and Marie-Elise Parent
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:201
  31. Trial design plays a key role in clinical trials. Traditional group sequential design has been used in cardiovascular clinical trials over decades as the trials can potentially be stopped early, therefore, it ...

    Authors: Jufen Zhang and Christy Saju
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:200
  32. Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) are characterized by multiple and progressive anatomo-clinical changes including accumulation of abnormal proteins in the brain, brain atrophy and severe cogniti...

    Authors: Jérémie Lespinasse, Carole Dufouil and Cécile Proust-Lima
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:199
  33. Symptoms reported following the administration of investigational drugs play an important role in decisions for registration and treatment guidelines. However, symptoms are subjective, and interview methods to...

    Authors: Kamala Thriemer, Robert James Commons, Megha Rajasekhar, Tamiru Shibiru Degaga, Krisin Chand, Nguyen Hoang Chau, Ashenafi Assefa, Mohammad Nader Naddim, Ayodhia Pitaloka Pasaribu, Awab Ghulam Rahim, Inge Sutanto, Tran Tinh Hien, Asrat Hailu, Mohammad Anwar Hasanzai, Lenny L. Ekawati, Adugna Woyessa…
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:198
  34. Real-world observational data are an important source of evidence on the treatment effectiveness for patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, observational studies evaluating tr...

    Authors: Oksana Martinuka, Derek Hazard, Hamid Reza Marateb, Camille Maringe, Marjan Mansourian, Manuel Rubio-Rivas and Martin Wolkewitz
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:197
  35. Rare superficial vascular anomalies represent a wide range of diseases. Their management is difficult given the broad spectrum and the lack of clinical trials assessing treatment efficacy. A randomized clinica...

    Authors: Aude Allemang-Trivalle, Sophie Leducq, Annabel Maruani and Bruno Giraudeau
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:196
  36. Implementation outcomes, including acceptability, are of critical importance in both implementation research and practice. The gold standard measure of acceptability, Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM...

    Authors: Rebecca Feldman Hamm, Lisa D. Levine, Julia E. Szymczak, Samuel Parry, Sindhu K. Srinivas and Rinad S. Beidas
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:195
  37. Authors: Valerie A. Smith, Theodore S. Z. Berkowitz, Paul Hebert, Edwin S. Wong, Meike Niederhausen, John A. Pura, Kristin Berry, Pamela Green, Anna Korpak, Alexandra Fox, Aaron Baraff, Alex Hickok, Troy A Shahoumian, Amy S.B. Bohnert, Denise M. Hynes, Edward J. Boyko…
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:194

    The original article was published in BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:81

  38. Novel precision medicine therapeutics target increasingly granular, genomically-defined populations. Rare sub-groups make it challenging to study within a clinical trial or single real-world data (RWD) source;...

    Authors: Daniel Backenroth, Trevor Royce, Jose Pinheiro, Meghna Samant and Olivier Humblet
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:193
  39. A multiple dependent state sampling plan (MDSSP) is designed when the lifetimes of the variables follow New Lomax Rayleigh Distribution (NLRD). The decision to accept or reject a lot in the proposed methodolog...

    Authors: Nagasaritha Kolli, Kanaparthi Rosaiah, Gadde Srinivasa Rao and Peter Josephat Kirigiti
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:192
  40. The aggregation of a series of N-of-1 trials presents an innovative and efficient study design, as an alternative to traditional randomized clinical trials. Challenges for the statistical analysis arise when t...

    Authors: Thomas Gärtner, Juliana Schneider, Bert Arnrich and Stefan Konigorski
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:191
  41. The Naive Bayes (NB) classifier is a powerful supervised algorithm widely used in Machine Learning (ML). However, its effectiveness relies on a strict assumption of conditional independence, which is often vio...

    Authors: Kimiya Gohari, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad, Marjan Mohammadi, Farzad Eskandari, Samaneh Saberi, Maryam Esmaieli and Ali Sheidaei
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:190
  42. Cancer, a complex and deadly health concern today, is characterized by forming potentially malignant tumors or cancer cells. The dynamic interaction between these cells and their environment is crucial to the ...

    Authors: Hossein Hassani, Zakieh Avazzadeh, Praveen Agarwal, Samrad Mehrabi, M. J. Ebadi, Mohammad Shafi Dahaghin and Eskandar Naraghirad
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:189
  43. Having an appropriate sample size is important when developing a clinical prediction model. We aimed to review how sample size is considered in studies developing a prediction model for a binary outcome.

    Authors: Paula Dhiman, Jie Ma, Cathy Qi, Garrett Bullock, Jamie C Sergeant, Richard D Riley and Gary S Collins
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:188
  44. Machine learning models promise to support diagnostic predictions, but may not perform well in new settings. Selecting the best model for a new setting without available data is challenging. We aimed to invest...

    Authors: Jana Fehr, Marco Piccininni, Tobias Kurth and Stefan Konigorski
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:187
  45. When conducting randomised controlled trials is impractical, an alternative is to carry out an observational study. However, making valid causal inferences from observational data is challenging because of the...

    Authors: Giulio Scola, Anca Chis Ster, Daniel Bean, Nilesh Pareek, Richard Emsley and Sabine Landau
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:186
  46. Declining response proportions in surveys have been observed internationally. Improving response proportions is important for the generalizability of the outcome. The aim of this study was to examine the poten...

    Authors: Anne Illemann Christensen, Cathrine Juel Lau, Hanne Stald Poulsen and Ola Ekholm
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:184

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