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  1. More patient-specific medical care is expected as more is learned about variations in patient responses to medical treatments. Analytical tools enable insights by linking treatment responses from different typ...

    Authors: Joe Alexander, Roger A. Edwards, Alberto Savoldelli, Luigi Manca, Roberto Grugni, Birol Emir, Ed Whalen, Stephen Watt, Marina Brodsky and Bruce Parsons
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:113
  2. The analysis of perinatal outcomes often involves datasets with some multiple births. These are datasets mostly formed of independent observations and a limited number of clusters of size two (twins) and maybe...

    Authors: Odile Sauzet and Janet L. Peacock
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:110
  3. In a random effects meta-analysis model, true treatment effects for each study are routinely assumed to follow a normal distribution. However, normality is a restrictive assumption and the misspecification of ...

    Authors: Yusuke Yamaguchi, Kazushi Maruo, Christopher Partlett and Richard D. Riley
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:109
  4. The application of adaptive design methodology within a clinical trial setting is becoming increasingly popular. However the application of these methods within trials is not being reported as adaptive designs...

    Authors: Pankaj Mistry, Janet A Dunn and Andrea Marshall
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:108
  5. The standard definition for protocol adherence is the proportion of all scheduled doses that are delivered. In clinical research, this definition has several limitations when evaluating protocol adherence in t...

    Authors: F. Lauzier, N. K. Adhikari, A. Seely, K. K. Y. Koo, E. P. Belley-Côté, K. E. A. Burns, D. J. Cook, F. D’Aragon, B. Rochwerg, M. E. Kho, S. J. W. Oczkowksi, E. H. Duan, M. O. Meade, A. G. Day and F. Lamontagne
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:106
  6. Joint models of longitudinal and time-to-event data are increasingly used to perform individual dynamic prediction of a risk of event. However the difficulty to perform inference in nonlinear models and to cal...

    Authors: Solène Desmée, France Mentré, Christine Veyrat-Follet, Bernard Sébastien and Jérémie Guedj
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:105
  7. Network meta-analysis overcomes the limitations of traditional pair-wise meta-analysis by incorporating all available evidence into a general statistical framework for simultaneous comparisons of several treat...

    Authors: Yu-Kang Tu and Yun-Chun Wu
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:104
  8. Prognostic models often show poor performance when applied to independent validation data sets. We illustrate how treatment use in a validation set can affect measures of model performance and present the uses...

    Authors: Romin Pajouheshnia, Linda M. Peelen, Karel G. M. Moons, Johannes B. Reitsma and Rolf H. H. Groenwold
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:103
  9. The sample size required to power a study to a nominal level in a paired comparative diagnostic accuracy study, i.e. studies in which the diagnostic accuracy of two testing procedures is compared relative to a...

    Authors: Gareth P. J. McCray, Andrew C. Titman, Paula Ghaneh and Gillian A. Lancaster
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:102
  10. African Americans have been historically under-represented in genetic studies. More research is needed on effective recruitment strategies for this population, especially on approaches that supplement traditio...

    Authors: Rebecca Salowe, Laura O’Keefe, Sayaka Merriam, Roy Lee, Naira Khachatryan, Prithvi Sankar, Eydie Miller-Ellis, Amanda Lehman, Victoria Addis, Windell Murphy, Jeffrey Henderer, Maureen Maguire and Joan O’Brien
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:101
  11. Complex interventions such as self-management courses are difficult to evaluate due to the many interacting components. The way complex interventions are delivered can influence the effect they have for patien...

    Authors: G. Wojewodka, S. Hurley, S. J. C. Taylor, A. J. Noble, L. Ridsdale and L. H. Goldstein
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:100
  12. Inter-rater reliability (IRR) is mainly assessed based on only two reviewers of unknown expertise. The aim of this paper is to examine differences in the IRR of the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMST...

    Authors: Dawid Pieper, Anja Jacobs, Beate Weikert, Alba Fishta and Uta Wegewitz
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:98
  13. Data cleaning is an important quality assurance in data linkage research studies. This paper presents the data cleaning and preparation process for a large-scale cross-jurisdictional Australian study (the Smok...

    Authors: Duong Thuy Tran, Alys Havard and Louisa R. Jorm
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:97
  14. As publishing is essential but competitive for researchers, difficulties in writing and submitting medical articles to biomedical journals are disabling. The DIAzePAM (Difficultés des Auteurs à la Publication d’A...

    Authors: Martin Duracinsky, Christophe Lalanne, Laurence Rous, Aichata Fofana Dara, Lesya Baudoin, Claire Pellet, Alexandre Descamps, Fabienne Péretz and Olivier Chassany
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:96
  15. Probabilistic record linkage is a process used to bring together person-based records from within the same dataset (de-duplication) or from disparate datasets using pairwise comparisons and matching probabilit...

    Authors: Adrian P. Brown, Sean M. Randall, Anna M. Ferrante, James B. Semmens and James H. Boyd
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:95
  16. Selection bias and non-participation bias are major methodological concerns which impact external validity. Cluster-randomized controlled trials are especially prone to selection bias as it is impractical to b...

    Authors: Rochelle Yang, Barry L. Carter, Tyler H. Gums, Brian M. Gryzlak, Yinghui Xu and Barcey T. Levy
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:94
  17. To illustrate the 10-year risks of urinary adverse events (UAEs) among men diagnosed with prostate cancer and treated with different types of therapy, accounting for the competing risk of death.

    Authors: Charlotte A. Bolch, Haitao Chu, Stephanie Jarosek, Stephen R. Cole, Sean Elliott and Beth Virnig
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:93
  18. Composite endpoints comprising hospital admissions and death are the primary outcome in many cardiovascular clinical trials. For statistical analysis, a Cox proportional hazards model for the time to first eve...

    Authors: Antje Jahn-Eimermacher, Katharina Ingel, Stella Preussler, Antoni Bayes-Genis and Harald Binder
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:92
  19. There are a growing number of observational studies that do not only focus on single biomarkers for predicting an outcome event, but address questions in a multivariable setting. For example, when quantifying ...

    Authors: Andreas Schulz, Daniela Zöller, Stefan Nickels, Manfred E. Beutel, Maria Blettner, Philipp S. Wild and Harald Binder
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:90
  20. Administrative data is a useful tool for research and quality improvement; however, validity of research findings based on these data depends on their reliability. Diagnoses assigned by physicians are subseque...

    Authors: Kristin Burles, Grant Innes, Kevin Senior, Eddy Lang and Andrew McRae
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:89
  21. The nested case-control study (NCC) design within a prospective cohort study is used when outcome data are available for all subjects, but the exposure of interest has not been collected, and is difficult or p...

    Authors: Long H. Ngo, Sharon K. Inouye, Richard N. Jones, Thomas G. Travison, Towia A. Libermann, Simon T. Dillon, George A. Kuchel, Sarinnapha M. Vasunilashorn, David C. Alsop and Edward R. Marcantonio
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:88
  22. Bayesian hierarchical piecewise regression (BHPR) modeling has not been previously formulated to detect and characterise the mechanism of trajectory divergence between groups of participants that have longitud...

    Authors: Marie-jeanne Buscot, Simon S. Wotherspoon, Costan G. Magnussen, Markus Juonala, Matthew A. Sabin, David P. Burgner, Terho Lehtimäki, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Olli T. Raitakari and Russell J. Thomson
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:86
  23. Self-reported weight and height are commonly used in lieu of direct measurements of weight and height in large epidemiological surveys due to inevitable constraints such as budget and human resource. However, ...

    Authors: C. C. Kee, K. H. Lim, M. G. Sumarni, C. H. Teh, Y. Y. Chan, M. I. Nuur Hafizah, Y. K. Cheah, E. O. Tee, Y. Ahmad Faudzi and M. Amal Nasir
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:85
  24. Many medicines are dosed to achieve a particular therapeutic range, and monitored using therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The evidence base for a therapeutic range can be evaluated using systematic reviews, t...

    Authors: Lewis Cooney, Yoon K. Loke, Su Golder, Jamie Kirkham, Andrea Jorgensen, Ian Sinha and Daniel Hawcutt
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:84
  25. Thanks to the advances in genomics and targeted treatments, more and more prediction models based on biomarkers are being developed to predict potential benefit from treatments in a randomized clinical trial. ...

    Authors: Nils Ternès, Federico Rotolo and Stefan Michiels
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:83
  26. The relative scale has been used for decades in analysing binary data in epidemiology. In contrast, there has been a long tradition of carrying out meta-analyses of continuous outcomes on the absolute, origina...

    Authors: Harri Hemilä
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:82
  27. One potential concern with using mailed surveys containing trauma-related content is the possibility of re-traumatizing survivors without a trained mental health professional present. Prior research provides i...

    Authors: Maureen Murdoch, Shannon Marie Kehle-Forbes and Melissa Ruth Partin
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:81
  28. Relative survival analysis is a subfield of survival analysis where competing risks data are observed, but the causes of death are unknown. A first step in the analysis of such data is usually the estimation o...

    Authors: Klemen Pavlič and Maja Pohar Perme
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:79
  29. Double-adjustment can be used to remove confounding if imbalance exists after propensity score (PS) matching. However, it is not always possible to include all covariates in adjustment. We aimed to find the op...

    Authors: Tri-Long Nguyen, Gary S. Collins, Jessica Spence, Jean-Pierre Daurès, P. J. Devereaux, Paul Landais and Yannick Le Manach
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:78
  30. Achieving adequate response rates is an ongoing challenge for longitudinal studies. The World Trade Center Health Registry is a longitudinal health study that periodically surveys a cohort of ~71,000 people ex...

    Authors: Shengchao Yu, Howard E. Alper, Angela-Maithy Nguyen, Robert M. Brackbill, Lennon Turner, Deborah J. Walker, Carey B. Maslow and Kimberly C. Zweig
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:77
  31. Health interventions fall along a spectrum from simple to more complex. There is wide interest in methods for reviewing ‘complex interventions’, but few transparent approaches for assessing intervention comple...

    Authors: Simon Lewin, Maggie Hendry, Jackie Chandler, Andrew D. Oxman, Susan Michie, Sasha Shepperd, Barnaby C. Reeves, Peter Tugwell, Karin Hannes, Eva A. Rehfuess, Vivien Welch, Joanne E. Mckenzie, Belinda Burford, Jennifer Petkovic, Laurie M. Anderson, Janet Harris…
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:76
  32. We describe a novel strategy for power and sample size determination developed for studies utilizing investigational technologies with limited available preliminary data, specifically of imaging biomarkers. We...

    Authors: Christine E. McLaren, Wen-Pin Chen, Thomas D. O’Sullivan, Daniel L. Gillen, Min-Ying Su, Jeon H. Chen and Bruce J. Tromberg
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:75
  33. The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership aims to study international differences in cancer survival and the possible causes. Participating countries are Australia, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and ...

    Authors: Line Hvidberg, Anette Fischer Pedersen, Christian Nielsen Wulff, Anders Helles Carlsen and Peter Vedsted
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:74
  34. Previous research has found that a “web-push” approach to data collection, which involves contacting people by mail to request an Internet survey response while withholding a paper response option until later ...

    Authors: Hope Seib McMaster, Cynthia A. LeardMann, Steven Speigle and Don A. Dillman
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:73
  35. In studies of recurrent events, it is common to consider a person who has suffered a disease episode and received curative treatment to be not at risk of suffering a new episode for a duration of time. It is a...

    Authors: Yin-Bun Cheung, Ying Xu, Matthew Cairns and Paul Milligan
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:72
  36. Evaluation of the potential effectiveness of a programme’s objectives (health or otherwise) is important in demonstrating how programmes work. However, evaluations are expensive and can focus on unrealistic ou...

    Authors: Melissa Belford, Tony Robertson and Ruth Jepson
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:70
  37. Posttraumatic growth is the positive change resulting from traumatic experiences and is typically assessed with retrospective measures like the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). The PTGI was designed to i...

    Authors: Navjot Kaur, Ben Porter, Cynthia A. LeardMann, Laura E. Tobin, Hector Lemus and David D. Luxton
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:69
  38. The scientific evidence-base for policies to tackle health inequalities is limited. Natural policy experiments (NPE) have drawn increasing attention as a means to evaluating the effects of policies on health. ...

    Authors: Yannan Hu, Frank J. van Lenthe, Rasmus Hoffmann, Karen van Hedel and Johan P. Mackenbach
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:68
  39. Seeking treatment in formal healthcare for uncomplicated infections is vital to combating disease in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Healthcare treatment-seeking behaviour varies within and between c...

    Authors: Victor A. Alegana, Jim Wright, Carla Pezzulo, Andrew J. Tatem and Peter M. Atkinson
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:67
  40. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between mortality and statin adherence using two different approaches to adherence measurement (summary versus repeated-measures).

    Authors: Mhd. Wasem Alsabbagh, Dean Eurich, Lisa M. Lix, Thomas W. Wilson and David F. Blackburn
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:66
  41. Over the past decade, there have been substantial changes in landline and mobile phone ownership, with a substantial increase in the proportion of mobile-only households. Estimates of daily smoking rates for t...

    Authors: Joseph Hanna, Damien V. Cordery, David G. Steel, Walter Davis and Timothy C. Harrold
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:65
  42. The usual kappa statistic requires that all observations be enumerated. However, in free-response assessments, only positive (or abnormal) findings are notified, but negative (or normal) findings are not. This...

    Authors: Marc Carpentier, Christophe Combescure, Laura Merlini and Thomas V. Perneger
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:62
  43. Maternity intrapartum care research and clinical care more often focus on outcomes that minimise or prevent adverse health rather than on what constitutes positive health and wellbeing (salutogenesis). This wa...

    Authors: Valerie Smith, Deirdre Daly, Ingela Lundgren, Tine Eri, Cecily Begley, Mechthild M. Gross, Soo Downe, Zarko Alfirevic and Declan Devane
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:61

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