Methods for conceptualising ‘visual ability’ as a measurable construct in children with cerebral palsy

Deramore Denver, Belinda; Adolfsson, Margareta; Froude, Elspeth; Rosenbaum, Peter; Imms, Christine

doi:10.1186/s12874-017-0316-6

BMC Medical Research Methodology

Table 1 Summary of included visual ability assessment tools

From: Methods for conceptualising ‘visual ability’ as a measurable construct in children with cerebral palsy

					ICF-CY Codes (N)^b				Visual ability constructs^g N (%)
Assessment tool	Ref	Type of content^a	Items/Scales	Linking units (N)	BF/BS^c	ACT/PART^d	ENV^e	Other/Not coded^f	Visual ability constructs^g N (%)
ABCDEFV	[35]	Clinical	22 Tests	28	20	8	0	0	6 (21.4)
Alimovic	[42]	Patient oriented	2 Scales	5	0	5	0	0	4 (80)
CAS	[33]	Clinical	33 Visual development items	41	14	26	0	1	18 (43.9)
CVI Q	[16]	Patient oriented	46 Items	56	11	41	0	6	28 (50)
CVI R	[31]	Clinical & Patient oriented	10 Characteristics	12	3	11	0	0	8 (66.7)
CVI R		Clinical & Patient oriented	1 Scale	1	0	1	0	0	1 (100)
EDVA	[32]	Clinical	7 Test Items	7	3	4	0	0	4 (57.1)
FVQ	[18]	Patient oriented	26 Questions	34	5	30	0	0	23 (67.6)
Hoyt	[43]	Patient oriented	1 Scale	2	1	1	0	0	1 (50)
HSCS-PS	[38]	Patient oriented	1 Vision Sub-scale	4	2	1	1	0	1 (25)
HUI-III	[44]	Patient oriented	1 Vision Sub-scale	5	2	2	1	0	1 (20)
IDP	[45]	Patient oriented	Visual competence 1 Scale	7	5	2	0	0	1 (14.3)
LVC	[30]	Clinical	8 Tests	10	2	8	0	0	4 (40)
PreViAs	[24]	Patient oriented	30 Questions	41	13	27	0	1	12 (29.3)
Short CVI Q	[34]	Patient oriented	12 Questions	15	5	10	0	0	4 (26.7)
SoGS	[17]	Clinical	22 Visual skill Items	25	13	12	0	0	10 (40)
VAP-CAP	[37]	Clinical	19 Items	34	22	12	0	0	10 (29.4)
VSI	[36]	Patient oriented	22 Items	35	11	17	3	3	6 (17.1)
Wong	[46]	Patient oriented	1 Scale	2	1	1	0	0	1 (50)
15-D	[47]	Patient oriented	1 Vision Sub-scale	6	1	3	2	0	1 (16.7)

ABCDEFV Atkinson Battery for Child Development for Examining Functional Vision, CAS Callier Azusa Scale, CVI Q CVI Questionnaire, CVI R CVI Range, EDVA Erhardt Developmental Visual Assessment, FVQ Functional Visual Questionnaire, HSCS-PS Health Status Classification System – Preschool, Vision scale, HUI-III Health Utilities Index – Mark III, Vision Scale, IDP Institutes’ Developmental Profile – Visual Competence Scale, LVC Low Vision Checklist, PreViAs Preverbal Visual Assessment, Short CVI Q Short CVI Questionnaire, SoGS Schedule of Growing Skills, Visual skills domain, VAP-CAP Visual Assessment Procedure – Capacity, Attention, and Processing, VSI Visual Skills Inventory, 15-D 15-Dimension Questionnaire, Vision scale
^aType of assessment determines type of information to be linked: patient-oriented measure (self-report, caregiver report or health professional reported) or clinical assessment; ^bNumber of domain codes may equal more than the number linking units as some linking units were given two codes; ^cExamples of constructs linked to Body Functions: seeing functions (visual acuity, visual field, and the ability to sense light, form, shape and colour, and eye functions), mental functions (orientation, memory, response time, visual perception and discrimination, visuospatial perception, knowledge and application of knowledge, recognition and object permanence), hearing functions, and neuromuscular functions such as reflexes and eye-hand coordination; ^dActivities and Participation codes are expanded in Table 3; ^eEnvironmental factors include supports or barriers of adapted products including large print or glasses/contacts, light in the environment, or people providing support; ^fOther includes personal factors such as a child’s interest or mood, the use of compensatory strategies, and interventions such as patching; ^g Number of ‘visual ability’ constructs is total number of linking units coded to the visual ability codes (d110 Watching, d160 Focusing attention, d161 Directing attention) as % of the total linking units

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ISSN: 1471-2288

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