Table 2 Environment ratings by advertisement-recruited participants bicycle-commuting in both inner urban and suburban areas
| Â | Women (n = 286-302) | Men (n = 247-253) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Inner urban | Suburban | Difference | Inner urban | Suburban | Difference | ||||||
Item | Mean ± SD | Min - max | Mean ± SD | Min - max | Mean ± SD | p-value | Mean ± SD | Min - max | Mean ± SD | Min - max | Mean ± SD | p-value |
1. On the whole | 8.49 ± 3.41 | 1 - 15 | 11.25 ± 2.82 | 2 - 15 | -2.77 ± 3.51 | 0.000 | 8.49 ± 3.29 | 1 - 15 | 11.15 ± 2.68 | 3 - 15 | -2.66 ± 3.56 | 0.000 |
2. Hinders or stimulates | 9.13 ± 3.49 | 1 - 15 | 11.28 ± 2.93 | 1 - 15 | -2.15 ± 3.76 | 0.000 | 8.92 ± 3.08 | 1 - 15 | 10.82 ± 2.86 | 1 - 15 | -1.90 ± 3.36 | 0.000 |
3. Exhaust fumes | 10.44 ± 3.24 | 1 - 15 | 7.53 ± 3.46 | 1 - 15 | 2.91 ± 4.12 | 0.000 | 9.02 ± 3.21 | 1 - 15 | 6.36 ± 3.28 | 1 - 15 | 2.66 ± 3.63 | 0.000 |
4. Noise | 10.23 ± 3.11 | 1 - 15 | 7.67 ± 3.60 | 1 - 15 | 2.56 ± 3.96 | 0.000 | 8.74 ± 3.02 | 1 - 15 | 6.84 ± 3.29 | 1 - 15 | 1.90 ± 3.74 | 0.000 |
5. Flow of motor vehicles | 11.43 ± 3.40 | 1 - 15 | 8.18 ± 3.94 | 1 - 15 | 3.25 ± 4.59 | 0.000 | 10.55 ± 3.67 | 1 - 15 | 7.66 ± 3.79 | 1 - 15 | 2.89 ± 4.70 | 0.000 |
6. Speeds of motor vehicles | 9.74 ± 2.88 | 1 - 15 | 8.99 ± 3.32 | 1 - 15 | 0.74 ± 3.56 | 0.000 | 8.73 ± 2.77 | 1 - 15 | 8.79 ± 2.89 | 1 - 15 | -0.06 ± 2.81 | 0.754 |
7. Speeds of bicyclists | 9.94 ± 2.73 | 1 - 15 | 9.92 ± 2.59 | 1 - 15 | 0.03 ± 2.45 | 0.851 | 7.76 ± 2.84 | 1 - 15 | 8.06 ± 2.62 | 1 - 15 | -0.29 ± 2.13 | 0.031 |
8. Congestion: all types of vehicles | 10.72 ± 3.52 | 1 - 15 | 6.74 ± 3.42 | 1 - 15 | 3.98 ± 4.20 | 0.000 | 10.14 ± 3.42 | 1 - 15 | 5.46 ± 3.08 | 1 - 15 | 4.68 ± 4.08 | 0.000 |
9. Congestion: bicyclists | 9.31 ± 3.81 | 1 - 15 | 6.26 ± 3.76 | 1 - 15 | 3.04 ± 4.35 | 0.000 | 8.64 ± 3.90 | 1 - 15 | 4.99 ± 3.29 | 1 - 15 | 3.65 ± 4.31 | 0.000 |
10. Conflicts | 8.14 ± 3.82 | 1 - 15 | 5.44 ± 3.63 | 1 - 15 | 2.70 ± 4.00 | 0.000 | 8.56 ± 3.77 | 1 - 15 | 5.19 ± 3.47 | 1 - 15 | 3.37 ± 3.88 | 0.000 |
11. Bicycle paths* | 6.37 ± 2.95 | 0 - 10 | 7.67 ± 2.35 | 0 - 10 | -1.30 ± 3.75 | 0.000 | 5.90 ± 2.77 | 0 - 10 | 7.42 ± 2.30 | 0 - 10 | -1.52 ± 3.41 | 0.000 |
12. Traffic: unsafe or safe | 8.24 ± 3.89 | 1 - 15 | 11.29 ± 2.99 | 2 - 15 | -3.05 ± 3.96 | 0.000 | 8.68 ± 3.55 | 1 - 15 | 11.55 ± 2.82 | 1 - 15 | -2.87 ± 3.40 | 0.000 |
13. Greenery | 7.09 ± 4.11 | 1 - 15 | 10.96 ± 3.43 | 1 - 15 | -3.86 ± 4.68 | 0.000 | 6.72 ± 3.88 | 1 - 15 | 10.84 ± 2.98 | 1 - 15 | -4.12 ± 4.29 | 0.000 |
14. Ugly or beautiful | 9.88 ± 3.35 | 1 - 15 | 10.74 ± 3.08 | 1 - 15 | -0.86 ± 4.12 | 0.000 | 9.84 ± 3.22 | 1 - 15 | 10.21 ± 2.99 | 1 - 15 | -0.37 ± 4.01 | 0.145 |
15. Course of the route | 6.98 ± 3.86 | 1 - 15 | 5.41 ± 3.51 | 1 - 15 | 1.57 ± 3.98 | 0.000 | 7.48 ± 4.01 | 1 - 15 | 5.60 ± 3.65 | 1 - 15 | 1.89 ± 3.60 | 0.000 |
16. Hilliness | 5.20 ± 3.70 | 1 - 15 | 6.61 ± 4.16 | 1 - 15 | -1.41 ± 3.79 | 0.000 | 5.07 ± 3.44 | 1 - 13 | 6.24 ± 3.83 | 1 - 15 | -1.17 ± 2.91 | 0.000 |
17. Red lights | 8.06 ± 4.62 | 1 - 15 | 3.98 ± 3.48 | 1 - 15 | 4.08 ± 5.20 | 0.000 | 8.25 ± 4.33 | 1 - 15 | 4.50 ± 3.46 | 1 - 15 | 3.75 ± 4.88 | 0.000 |
18. Short or long | 6.78 ± 2.98 | 1 - 15 | 7.78 ± 3.02 | 1 - 15 | -1.00 ± 3.95 | 0.000 | 6.95 ± 2.32 | 1 - 14 | 7.85 ± 2.71 | 1 - 14 | -0.90 ± 3.10 | 0.000 |