Figure 7From: Validation of prediction models based on lasso regression with multiply imputed data Estimates of optimism from the simulation study. Optimism “Internal” was the difference between the bootstrap performance (on bootstrap data) and the test performance (on original data). Optimism “Appr 1”, “Appr 2”, “Appr 3” and “Appr 4” were based on the four approaches of handling missing data.Back to article page