oA novel nonparametric approach for estimating cut-offs in continuous risk indicators with application to diabetes epidemiology

Table 2 Estimated cut-off points for anthropometric parameters for predicting type 2 diabetes in cross-sectional analysis by the DS estimator and their longitudinal associations

		cut-off †	95% CI¶	J	PPV ‡	NPV ‡	AUC ‡
*Male*
	WC	102	101.3 - 103.1	0.26	13.6	94.5	0.67
	HC	106	104.7 - 107.2	0.23	13.7	94.8	0.67
	BMI	27.0	26.6 - 27.8	0.23	12.6	95.1	0.68
	WHR	1.00	0.98 - 1.03	0.16	12.1	92.4	0.56
	WHtR	0.58	0.57 - 0.59	0.30	13.3	94.6	0.69
*Female*
	WC	92	91.4 - 92.8	0.34	10.3	97.0	0.73
	HC	105	104.1 - 105.9	0.29	9.5	97.0	0.70
	BMI	28.0	27.8 - 28.6	0.32	10.8	96.7	0.70
	WHR	0.86	0.85 - 0.88	0.22	8.8	96.7	0.65
	WHtR	0.55	0.54 - 0.57	0.36	10.0	97.9	0.74

AUC = area under curve; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; HC = Hip circumference; J = Youden Index; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value; WC = waist circumference; WHR = waist to hip ratio; WHtR = waist to height ratio
† estimated from cross-sectional analyses
‡ PPV, NPV and AUC for the five year incidence of type 2 diabetes using the cut-offs
from cross-sectional analyses
¶The 95% confidence intervals are estimated by a Monte-Carlo approximation of the limit distribution

ISSN: 1471-2288