Fig. 6

The impact of categorization on TG _STD (t), \(R_{\textit {PM}}^{2}\), \( {R_{D}^{2}}\), \({\rho _{W}^{2}}\), and \(R_{\textit {BS}}^{2}(t)\) - TG _STD (t) and \( R_{\textit {BS}}^{2}(t)\) were evaluated at T₆. The percentage difference to the means of the measures in the uncategorised scenario plotted on the vertical axis against the number of groups (horizontal axis). In the uncategorised scenario, i.e. in the true model, the means of TG _STD (t), \(R_{\textit {PM}}^{2}\), \( {R_{D}^{2}}\), \({\rho _{W}^{2}}\), and \(R_{\textit {BS}}^{2}(t)\) were 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.64, and 0.33, respectively