Table 2 Univariable associations (one-way ANOVA) with mean number of difficulties in clinical research

Study design

.45

.002

.047

 Interventional

2.7

0.9

1.8

 Observational

2.9

1.4

1.4

First decision of the REC

.25

.89

.022

 Positive, positive with recommendations, positive with written modifications required

2.7

1.1

1.5

 Positive with conditions and reassessment, negative/non-consideration

3.1

1.1

2.0

Origin of the study protocol

<.001

<.001

.12

 Public (hospital, University, etc.)

3.1

1.4

1.6

 Private (industry, foundation)

1.6

0.2

1.3

Sample size

.33

.092

.96

  ≤ median (100)

2.9

1.3

1.6

  > median

2.6

1.0

1.6

Number of centers

<.001

<.001

.21

 Single

3.2

1.5

1.7

 Multicenter

2.1

0.6

1.5

Type of research

.79

.084

.006

 Clinical (intervention, diagnosis, prognosis)

2.8

1.0

1.8

 Others (health/illness, public health/health economics, methods, other)

2.7

1.3

1.3

Self-reported trainings in quantitative methods

.37

.16

.80

 None

2.9

1.3

1.6

 Any

2.7

1.0

1.6

Presence of a statistician on study team (N = 384)

.086

<.001

.54

 No

2.9

1.3

1.6

 Yes

2.4

0.6

1.7

Study published

.71

.90

.34

 No

2.7

1.1

1.5

 Yes

2.8

1.1

1.6