From: Practical application of opt-out recruitment methods in two health services research studies
 | Veterans eligible to receive opt-out letter | Veterans mailed opt-out letter | Veterans who received opt-out letter | Veterans who participated | p-value (eligible vs. participated)* | p-value (mailed opt-out vs. participated) | p-value (received opt-out vs. participated) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 3461 | 585 | 557 | 72 | Â | Â | Â | |
 |  | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p | p | p |
Age | (Years) | 52.6 (13.4) | 48.0 (15.0) | 48.2 (15.1) | 44.7 (14.0) | <.0001 | .07 | .06 |
 |  | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | p | p | p |
Gender | Male | 3258 (94.1) | 483 (82.6) | 465 (83.5) | 55 (76.4) | <.0001 | .20 | .14 |
Female | 203 (5.9) | 102 (17.4) | 92 (16.5) | 17 (23.6) | Â | Â | Â | |
Race | Native American | 26 (0.8) | 26 (4.4) | 23 (4.1) | 2 (2.8) | <.0001 | .75 | .76 |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 61 (1.8) | 61 (10.4) | 61 (11.0) | 7 (9.7) | Â | Â | Â | |
Black | 850 (24.6) | 101 (17.3) | 91 (16.3) | 13 (18.1) | Â | Â | Â | |
White | 2161 (62.4) | 369 (63.1) | 356 (63.9) | 45 (62.5) | Â | Â | Â | |
Unknown | 412 (11.9) | 66 (11.3) | 64 (11.5) | 12 (16.7) | Â | Â | Â | |
Ethnicity | Hispanic | 55 (1.6) | 55 (9.4) | 51 (9.2) | 9 (12.5) | <.0001 | .40 | .37 |
Not Hispanic | 3117 (90.1) | 481 (82.2) | 458 (82.2) | 57 (79.2) | Â | Â | Â | |
Unknown | 289 (8.4) | 49 (8.4) | 48 (8.6) | 6 (8.3) | Â | Â | Â | |
MH Use | MH Use | 1671 (48.3) | 277 (47.4) | 262 (47.0) | 46 (63.9) | .01 | .01 | .01 |
No MH Use | 1790 (51.7) | 308 (52.7) | 295 (53.0) | 26 (36.1) | Â | Â | Â | |
Rural/Urban | Rural | 1191 (34.4) | 236 (40.3) | 229 (41.1) | 32 (44.4) | .09 | .45 | .59 |
Urban | 2239 (64.7) | 349 (59.7) | 328 (58.9) | 40 (55.6) | Â | Â | Â | |
Missing | 31 (0.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | Â | Â | Â |