Skip to main content

Table 2 Simulation results

From: A systematic comparison of recurrent event models for application to composite endpoints

Simulation parameters

 

Mean (SD)

\(\hat \theta \) (\(sd(\hat \theta)\)), power

Sc.

\(\lambda _{0}^{MI}(t,t_{prev})\)

\(\lambda _{0}^{D}(t,t_{prev})\)

exp(βMI(t prev ))

exp(βD(t prev ))

# events

\(\hat \theta _{MixAG}\)

\(\hat \theta _{MixPWP1}\)

\(\hat \theta _{MixPWP2}\)

\(\hat \theta _{MixWLW}\)

1a

0.25

0.25

0.5

0.5

2.93 (0.65)

0.50 (0.13), 0.83

0.50 (0.13), 0.83

0.51 (0.13), 0.83

0.46 (0.14), 0.82

1b

0.25

0.25

0.5

0.7

2.93 (0.65)

0.50 (0.13), 0.83

0.50 (0.13), 0.82

0.51 (0.13), 0.82

0.46 (0.14), 0.82

1c

0.25

0.25

0.7

0.5

3.02 (0.63)

0.70 (0.16), 0.39

0.71 (0.16), 0.38

0.71 (0.16), 0.39

0.68 (0.19), 0.37

1d

0.25

0.25

0.7

1.5

3.00 (0.64)

0.72 (0.17), 0.35

0.72 (0.17), 0.34

0.72 (0.17), 0.34

0.68 (0.19), 0.36

1e

0.25

0.25

1.5

0.7

3.66 (0.73)

1.53 (0.30), 0.57

1.52 (0.30), 0.56

1.52 (0.29), 0.56

1.71 (0.41), 0.59

2a

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

0.5

0.5

2.15 (0.43)

0.52 (0.13), 0.81

0.51 (0.13), 0.81

0.51 (0.13), 0.81

0.48 (0.14), 0.80

2b

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

0.5

0.7

2.15 (0.43)

0.52 (0.13), 0.81

0.51 (0.13), 0.81

0.51 (0.13), 0.81

0.48 (0.14), 0.80

2c

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

0.7

0.5

2.20 (0.46)

0.71 (0.16), 0.37

0.71 (0.17), 0.36

0.71 (0.17), 0.37

0.69 (0.18), 0.35

2d

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

0.7

1.5

2.18 (0.44)

0.73 (0.17), 0.32

0.72 (0.17), 0.32

0.72 (0.17), 0.32

0.70 (0.19), 0.34

2e

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

\(0.25\cdot 1/\sqrt {t_{prev}}\)

1.5

0.7

2.44 (0.65)

1.45 (0.29), 0.57

1.52 (0.31), 0.53

1.51 (0.30), 0.53

1.64 (0.33), 0.54

3a

t 0.3

t 0.3

0.5

0.5

5.69 (0.99)

0.47 (0.07), 1

0.48 (0.07), 1

0.48 (0.07), 1

0.38 (0.08), 0.99

3b

t 0.3

t 0.3

0.5

0.7

5.69 (0.99)

0.48 (0.07), 1

0.49 (0.07), 0.99

0.49 (0.07), 0.99

0.39 (0.08), 0.99

3c

t 0.3

t 0.3

0.7

0.5

5.83 (0.95)

0.66 (0.09), 0.91

0.66 (0.09), 0.92

0.66 (0.05), 0.93

0.60 (0.12), 0.78

3d

t 0.3

t 0.3

0.7

1.5

5.75 (0.97)

0.74 (0.10), 0.63

0.76 (0.10), 0.56

0.77 (0.10), 0.54

0.63 (0.12), 0.69

3e

t 0.3

t 0.3

1.5

0.7

7.60 (1.12)

1.43 (0.16), 0.89

1.40 (0.15), 0.87

1.39 (0.15), 0.87

1.77 (0.33), 0.85

3f

1.5·t0.3

t 0.3

0.5

0.5

7.52 (1.12)

0.48 (0.06), 1

0.48 (0.06), 0.99

0.48 (0.06), 1

0.35 (0.07), 0.99

4a

0.25

0.25

0.5exp(0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

0.5exp(0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

2.91 (0.65)

0.49 (0.13), 0.85

0.49 (0.13), 0.85

0.49 (0.13), 0.85

0.45 (0.13), 0.84

4b

0.25

0.25

0.5exp(0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

0.7exp(0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

2.92 (0.65)

0.49 (0.13) 0.84

0.50 (0.13), 0.84

0.50 (0.13), 0.84

0.46 (0.13), 0.84

4c

0.25

0.25

0.7exp(0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

0.5exp(0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

3.01 (0.63)

0.70 (0.16), 0.41

0.70 (0.16), 0.40

0.70 (0.16), 0.41

0.67 (0.18), 0.38

4d

0.25

0.25

0.7exp(0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

1.5exp(0.05ln(1.5)·t prev )

2.99 (0.64)

0.71 (0.17), 0.37

0.71 (0.17), 0.36

0.72 (0.17), 0.36

0.67 (0.18), 0.37

4e

0.25

0.25

1.5exp(0.05ln(1.5)·t prev )

0.7exp(0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

3.69 (0.73)

1.55 (0.30), 0.61

1.54 (0.30), 0.59

1.54 (0.30), 0.60

1.73 (0.42), 0.60

5a

0.25

0.25

0.5exp(−0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

0.5exp(−0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

2.95 (0.65)

0.52 (0.13), 0.80

0.52 (0.14), 0.79

0.52 (0.13), 0.79

0.48 (0.14), 0.79

5b

0.25

0.25

0.5exp(−0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

0.7exp(−0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

2.95 (0.65)

0.52 (0.13), 0.79

0.52 (0.14), 0.78

0.52 (0.14), 0.78

0.48 (0.14), 0.79

5c

0.25

0.25

0.7exp(−0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

0.5exp(−0.05ln(0.5)·t prev )

3.03 (0.62)

0.71 (0.17), 0.37

0.72 (0.17), 0.37

0.72 (0.17), 0.37

0.69 (0.19), 0.35

5d

0.25

0.25

0.7exp(−0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

1.5exp(−0.05ln(1.5)·t prev )

3.01 (0.63)

0.72 (0.17), 0.33

0.73 (0.17), 0.33

0.73 (0.17), 0.32

0.69 (0.19), 0.35

5e

0.25

0.25

1.5exp(−0.05ln(1.5)·t prev )

0.7exp(−0.05ln(0.7)·t prev )

3.61 (0.72)

1.48 (0.44), 0.62

1.47 (0.44), 0.61

1.47 (0.44), 0.61

1.65 (0.55), 0.62

5f

0.25

0.25

0.5exp(−0.5ln(0.5)·t prev )

0.5exp(−0.5ln(0.5)·t prev )

3.09 (0.60)

0.67 (0.24), 0.44

0.81 (0.30), 0.40

0.77 (0.33), 0.40

0.61 (0.24), 0.48

  1. \(\hat \theta \) estimated mean treatment effect; \(sd(\hat \theta)\) mean standard deviation of estimated treatment effect; power empirical power values for the Andersen-Gill model (AG), the Prentice-Williams-Peterson total time model (PWP1), the Prentice-Williams-Peterson gap time model (PWP2), the Wei-Lin-Weissfeld model (WLW); \(\lambda _{0}^{MI}(t,t_{prev})\) baseline hazard function for the recurrent event (myocaridal infarction); \(\lambda _{0}^{D}(t,t_{prev})\) baseline hazard function for the fatal event (death); exp(βMI(t prev )) hazard ratio for the recurrent event (myocaridal infarction); exp(βD(t prev )) hazard ratio for the fatal event (death)