Mixing mixed-mode designs in a national health interview survey: a pilot study to assess the impact on the self-administered questionnaire non-response

Table 2 Association of socio-demographic characteristics and interviewer with the mode of SAQ completion (n = 192)

	P&P	Refusal
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Age	1.04 (1.01–1.07) *	1.00 (0.97–1.03)
Men	1.36 (0.65–2.84)	0.97 (0.43–2.17)
Higher education level ^a	0.89 (0.37–2.13)	1.20 (0.47–3.04)
Country of birth: non-Belgium	1.15 (0.37–3.55)	0.89 (0.25–3.13)
Employment status (ref: non-employed) ^b
employed	0.56 (0.21–1.51)	0.87 (0.29–2.64)
student	2.13 (0.35–12.99)	1.34 (0.20–8.80)
Household size: 1+	0.51 (0.24–1.10)	0.66 (0.29–1.54)
Interviewer (ref: interviewer 1) ^c
Interviewer 2	0.52 (0.16–1.64)	0.84 (0.21–3.32)
Interviewer 3	0.28 (0.08–0.96) *	1.30 (0.34–4.99)
Interviewer 4	0.32 (0.10–1.05)	0.15 (0.02–0.93)*
Interviewer 5	0.14 (0.03–0.62) *	0.60 (0.12–2.98)
Nagelkerke R²	0.28 *

A multinomial logistic regression model using SAS Proc Logistic with web SAQ as reference category
^*p value < 0.05; SAQ = self-administered questionnaire; P&P = paper-and-pencil
^a For students the education level equals the highest education level in the household. If this was not possible it was based on their current field of study
^b “Employed” refers to respondents who had a paid job for at least one hour a week at the moment of the interview, “Unemployed” refers to respondents without a paid job at the moment of the interview, “Student” refers to respondents who were (fulltime or part-time) enrolled in the regular education system at the moment of the interview. Students who had a (part-time) paid job were classified as students
^c Interviewer 6 had a refusal rate of 54.8% for the SAQ among the F2F respondents and had only 1 of 42 (2.4%) F2F respondents who completed the web SAQ. Therefore, this interviewer was considered as an outlier and was not considered in this analysis

ISSN: 1471-2288