Table 1 Distribution of the participants’ demographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics, for the total sample and separately according to the level of missingness in the MedDietScore scale; the ATTICA epidemiological study
|  | Total sample (N = 2194) | No missing data (N = 775) | Missing data in at least one item of the MedDietScore scale (N = 1419) | p-value1 | OR (95% CI)2 | p-value3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||||||
Age [years; Mean (SD4)] | 64.81 (11.86) | 64.79 (11.77) | 64.82 (11.90) | 0.952 | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.952 |
Sex (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.913 | Â | Â |
  Male | 62.2 | 35.4 | 64.6 | 1.00 | – | |
  Female | 37.8 | 35.2 | 64.8 | 1.01 (0.84, 1.21) | 0.913 | |
Educational level (%)5 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  No formal studies | 3.9 | 19.5 | 80.5 | < 0.001 | 2.65 (1.14, 6.12) | 0.023 |
  Primary education | 26.6 | 20.6 | 79.4 | 2.48 (1.60, 3.83) | < 0.001 | |
  Secondary education | 55.3 | 27.3 | 72.7 | 1.71 (1.18, 2.48) | 0.005 | |
  Higher education | 14.2 | 39.1 | 60.9 | 1.00 | – | |
Clinical characteristics | ||||||
Obesity (%)6 | ||||||
  Yes | 26.1 | 35.9 | 64.1 | 0.956 | 1.01 (0.82, 1,23) | 0.956 |
  No | 73.9 | 36.0 | 64.0 | 1.00 | – | |
Diabetes Mellitus (%)7 | ||||||
  Yes | 31.9 | 36.6 | 63.4 | 0.042 | 1.32 (1.01, 1.72) | 0.042 |
  No | 68.1 | 43.2 | 56.8 | 1.00 | – | |
Hypertension (%)8 | ||||||
  Yes | 65.6 | 35.4 | 64.6 | 0.900 | 0.99 (0.82, 1.19) | 0.900 |
  No | 34.4 | 35.1 | 64.9 | 1.00 | – | |
Hypercholesterolemia (%)9 | ||||||
  Desirable levels (<  200 mg/dL) | 33.1 | 47.2 | 52.8 | < 0.001 | 0.50 (0.40, 0.62) | < 0.001 |
  Borderline levels (200–239 mg/dL) | 26.4 | 36.0 | 64.0 | 0.79 (0.63, 0.98) | 0.048 | |
  High levels (>  240 mg/dL) | 40.5 | 30.9 | 69.1 | 1.00 | – | |
Lifestyle characteristics | ||||||
Type of lifestyle (%)10 | ||||||
  Unhealthy lifestyle | 83.2 | 15.0 | 85.0 | 0.165 | 1.33 (0.89, 1.98) | 0.165 |
  Healthy lifestyle | 16.8 | 19.0 | 81.0 | 1.00 | – | |