Table 2 The causal effect of BMI on SBP, DBP, FBG, TG, TC, HDL and LDL
From: A novel method for controlling unobserved confounding using double confounders
double confounding variables model | regression adjusting for age (discrete) and gender | |||||
β | SE | 95%CI | β | SE | P-value | |
BMI → SBP | 1.60 | 0.62 | 0.99–2.93 | 0.25 | 0.01 | 3.83×10-74 |
BMI → DBP | 0.37 | 0.18 | 0.03–0.76 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 3.90×10-51 |
BMI → FBG | 0.56 | 0.86 | −0.24-2.18 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 1.98×10-09 |
BMI → TC | 1.61 | 0.58 | 0.96–2.97 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 5.67×10-13 |
BMI → TG | 1.66 | 1.36 | 0.91–55.30 | 0.27 | 0.02 | 2.19×10-51 |
BMI → HDL | −0.20 | 0.92 | −1.71-1.44 | −0.20 | 0.02 | 4.12×10-19 |
BMI → LDL | 2.01 | 0.84 | 1.09–4.31 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 2.21×10-11 |
regression adjusting for age (discrete), gender and other health factors | regression adjusting for age (continuous) and gender | |||||
β | SE | P-value | β | SE | P-value | |
BMI → SBP | 0.15 | 0.02 | < 2×10-16 | 0.24 | 0.01 | 4.19×10-70 |
BMI → DBP | 0.10 | 0.02 | 1.67×10-07 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 1.63×10-50 |
BMI → FBG | 0.07 | 0.02 | 1.58×10-03 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 1.66×10-09 |
BMI → TC | −0.02 | 0.02 | 0.23 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 1.87×10-12 |
BMI → TG | 0.09 | 0.02 | 1.57×10-05 | 0.27 | 0.02 | 6.24×10-51 |
BMI → HDL | −0.11 | 0.03 | 8.71×10-06 | −0.20 | 0.02 | 7.45×10-19 |
BMI → LDL | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 5.12×10-11 |