Going web or staying paper? The use of web-surveys among older people

Table 3 Depression, Life Satisfaction and Poor Self-rated health among retired people compared with non-retired people, by sample group

	HEARTS baseline web sample (n = 3491)		HEARTS baseline paper sample (n = 1564)		HEARTS baseline total sample (n = 5055)		HEARTS longitudinal web sample (n = 1962)		HEARTS longitudinal mix sample (n = 821)		HEARTS longitudinal paper sample (n = 303)		HEARTS longitudinal total sample (n = 3086)
	β^a	P-value	β	P-value	β	P-value	β	P-value	β	P-value	β	P-value	β	P-value
Depression scale (0-30p)
Crude model	−0.89	< 0.001	−0.22	0.378	−0.65	< 0.001	−0.87	< 0.001	−0.86	0.006	0.02	0.980	−0.73	< 0.001
Adjusted model^c	−0.36	0.080	−0.17	0.608	−0.19	0.272	−0.81	0.001	−1.13	0.011	−0.34	0.741	−0.87	< 0.001
Life satisfaction scale (7-35p)
Crude model	1.76	< 0.001	1.74	< 0.001	1.75	< 0.001	2.04	< 0.001	1.36	0.008	2.45	0.014	1.83	< 0.001
Adjusted model^c	0.90	0.007	1.58	0.004	1.13	< 0.001	2.03	< 0.001	2.05	0.004	2.64	0.109	2.09	< 0.001
	AME^b	P-value	AME	P-value	AME	P-value	AME	P-value	AME	P-value	AME	P-value	AME	P-value
Poor Self rated health
Crude model	−0.86	0.477	1.39	0.497	0.20	0.854	−3.86	0.003	0.86	0.710	0.10	0.983	−1.89	0.094
Adjusted model^c	1.70	0.305	5.01	0.090	2.93	0.047	−3.68	0.045	−1.76	0.595	−8.39	0.338	−3.35	0.043

^aUnstandardized beta coefficient
^bAverage Marginal Effect, interpreted as the estimated absolute differences in proportion with Poor Self-rated Health among retired compared with non-retired people
^cAdjusted for sex, age, education and civil status

ISSN: 1471-2288