Variable selection in social-environmental data: sparse regression and tree ensemble machine learning approaches

Table 3 Effect of confounding on detection rate (binary outcome)

	Mean β (true = 0.22)	Detection rate (UNIV-BFN)	Detection rate (HCLST-CORR-SGL)	Detection rate RF with lasso validation
X₁	0.223	0.25	0.586	0.244
X₂	0.343	0.972	0.778	0.126
X₃	0.252	0.546	0.372	0.132
X₄	0.152	0.022	0.014	0.028
X₅	0.085	0	0	0.01
X₆	0.233	0.316	0.800	0.662
X₇	0.281	0.812	0.928	0.71
X₈	0.228	0.388	0.768	0.382
X₉	0.280	0.786	0.928	0.728
X₁₀	0.032	0	0.024	0.006

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