Fig. 4

Heatmap of the balance/randomness tradeoff \(d\left(i\right)=\sqrt{{\left\{Imb(i)\right\}}^{2}+{\left\{FI(i)\right\}}^{2}}\) vs. allocation step (\(i=1,\dots ,50\)) for 12 restricted randomization procedures. The procedures are ordered by value of d(50), with smaller values (more red) indicating more optimal performance