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Table 1 Sensitivity, specificity, and observed prevalence of implementation strength indicators for integrated community case management (iCCM) reported in mobile phone-based survey compared to in-person survey

From: Validity of using mobile phone surveys to evaluate community health worker program in Mali

iCCM indicator

Phone % (n/N)

In-person % (n/N)

Sensitivity % (95% CI)

Specificity % (95% CI)

Training

 Proportion of ASCs receiving training in the last 2 years

99.1 (114/115)

95.7 (110/115)

100.0 (96.7, 100.0)

20.0 (0.5, 71.6)

 Proportion of ASCs receiving refresher training

87.8 (101/115)

87.0 (100/115)

92.0 (84.8, 96.5)

40.0 (16.3, 67.7)

Supervision

 Proportion of ASCs supervised in the last 3 months

79.1 (91/115)

82.6 (95/115)

91.6 (84.1, 96.3)

80.0 (56.3, 94.3)

 Proportion of ASCs receiving supervision which included observation of a sick child consultation in the last 3 months

68.7 (79/115)

72.2 (83/115)

72.3 (61.4, 81.6)

40.6 (23.7, 59.4)

Treatment supply

 Proportion of ASCs with a supply of unexpired RDT on the day of the assessment

93.0 (107/115)

93.9 (108/115)

97.2 (92.1, 99.4)

71.4 (29.0, 96.3)

 Proportion of ASCs with a supply of unexpired Amoxicillin tablets/syrup on the day of the assessment

98.3 (113/115)

95.7 (110/115)

100.0 (96.7, 100.0)

40.0 (5.3, 85.3)

 Proportion of ASCs with a supply of unexpired ACT on the day of the assessment

98.3 (113/115)

93.0 (107/115)

100.0 (96.6, 100.0)

25.0 (3.2, 65.1)

 Proportion of ASCs with a supply of unexpired ORS on the day of the assessment

74.8 (86/115)

53.0 (61/115)

90.2 (79.8, 96.3)

42.6 (29.2, 56.8)

 Proportion of ASCs with a supply of unexpired zinc on the day of the assessment

82.6 (95/115)

83.5 (96/115)

93.8 (86.9, 97.7)

73.7 (48.8, 90.9)

 Proportion of ASCs with a supply of unexpired Plumpy Nut on the day of the assessment

47.8 (55/115)

54.8 (63/115)

81.0 (69.1, 89.8)

92.3 (81.5, 97.9)

Treatment stock-outs

 Proportion of ASCs reporting RDT stock-out that lasted more than 1 consecutive week in the past 3 months

21.7 (25/115)

17.4 (20/115)

75.0 (50.9, 91.3)

89.5 (81.5, 94.8)

 Proportion of ASCs reporting Amoxicillin tablets/syrup stock-out that lasted more than 1 consecutive week in the past 3 months

7.0 (8/115)

24.3 (28/115)

10.7 (2.3, 28.2)

94.3 (87.1, 98.1)

 Proportion of ASCs reporting ACT stock-out that lasted more than 1 consecutive week in the past 3 months

10.4 (12/115)

4.3 (5/115)

40.0 (5.3, 85.3)

90.9 (83.9, 95.6)

 Proportion of ASCs reporting ORS stock-out that lasted more than 1 consecutive week in the past 3 months

16.5 (19/115)

20.9 (24/115)

50.0 (29.1, 70.9)

92.3 (84.8, 96.9)

 Proportion of ASCs reporting zinc stock-out that lasted more than 1 consecutive week in the past 3 months

17.4 (20/115)

15.7 (18/115)

72.2 (46.5, 90.3)

92.8 (85.7, 97.0)

 Proportion of ASCs reporting Plumpy Nut stock-out that lasted more than 1 consecutive week in the past 3 months

53.9 (62/115)

50.4 (58/115)

86.2 (74.6, 93.9)

78.9 (66.1, 88.6)

Reporting

 Proportion of ASCs with complete patient registers for iCCM

98.3 (113/115)

88.7 (102/115)

98.0 (93.1, 99.8)

0.0 (0.0, 24.7)

  1. Sensitivity and specificity that are considered adequate (≥ 80%) are bolded
  2. n is the frequency of each indicator; N is the total number of ASCs
  3. Abbreviations: ASC Agente Sante Communitaire, i.e., community health workers, iCCM Integrated community case management, CI Confidence interval, RDT Rapid diagnostic test for Malaria, ACT Artemisinin-based combination therapy, ORS Oral rehydration salts