Fig. 3

Plot of the between-study standard deviation in consistency against the inconsistency model. The black diagonal line represents equality in between-study standard deviation between consistency and inconsistency models. Circle points represent the networks consistent at the threshold of 10%, triangular points represent the inconsistent networks at α = 5%, and rectangular points represent networks inconsistent between the thresholds 5 and 10%. All analyses have used the REML estimator for heterogeneity. Abbreviations: DBT, design-by-treatment interaction model; REML, restricted maximum likelihood