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Fig. 13 | BMC Medical Research Methodology

Fig. 13

From: Analysis approaches to address treatment nonadherence in pragmatic trials with point-treatment settings: a simulation study

Fig. 13

Mean squared error (MSE) versus the nonadherence rate for null and non-null effect using DAG 2. The 2SLS and 2SRI share the same line as they produce approximately the same amount of MSE. The ITT and baseline-adjusted ITT produce MSEs larger than 0.03 for the non-null effect scenario so that the MSE is out of the bound [0, 0.03]. Abbreviations: RD: risk difference, ITT: intention-to-treat, PP: per-protocol, AT: as-treated, IP-weighted PP: inverse probability-weighted per-protocol, 2SLS: two-stage least square, 2SRI: two-stage residual inclusion

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