Table 2 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants (n =150)
Variable | N (%) |
|---|---|
Sex | |
Female | 147 (2.0) |
Male | 3 (98.0) |
Age (years)a | 41.8 (8.7) |
Age of melasma (years) a | 29.9 (8.4) |
Occupation type | |
No sun exposure | 145 (97.0) |
Sun exposure | 5 (3.0) |
Marital status | |
Single | 32 (21.0) |
Married/Coupled | 89 (59.0) |
Separate/widowed | 29 (10.0) |
Level of education | |
Illiterate | 2 (1.0) |
Primary school complete | 32 (21.0) |
High school complete | 57 (38.0) |
University complete | 59 (39.0) |
Monthly household income (USD) | |
Up to $190 | 21 (14.0) |
$191 to $570 | 64 (43.0) |
$571 to $950 | 22 (15.0) |
> $950 | 43 (29.0) |
Melasma – length of treatment | |
No treatment | 8 (5.0) |
Less than 1 year ago | 41 (27.0) |
Between 1 and 5 years | 46 (31.0) |
Longer than 5 years | 55 (37.0) |
Smoking status | |
Yes | 15 (10.0) |
No | 135 (90) |
Alcohol consumption | |
Yes | 64 (43.0) |
No | 86 (57.0) |
Hypertension | |
Yes | 23 (15.0) |
No | 127 (85.0) |
Diabetes | |
Yes | 6 (4.0) |
No | 144 (96.0) |
Dyslipidemia | |
Yes | 23 (15.0) |
No | 127 (85.0) |
BMIa | 26.2 (5.5) |