Table 1 Description of 5433 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing at wave 2 (baseline 2004–2005) stratified by the apparition of events during the follow-up

Age, median (IQR), years

70 (12)

69 (10)

75 (13)

 Male No. (%)

2408 (44)

2123 (45)

285 (41)

 Married or cohabiting (%)^a

3339 (61)

2948 (62)

391 (57)

 Education non-qualified ^{a, b}

2928 (54)

2511 (53)

417 (60)

 Former smoker (%)^a

2773 (51)

2422 (51)

351 (51)

 Current smoker (%)^a

691 (13)

606 (13)

85 (12)

 Sleep disturbance, No. (%)^a

2274 (42)

1971 (42)

303 (44)

 BMI, mean (SD), kg/m^{2 a}

28 (5)

28 (5)

28 (5)

 Obesity, No. (%) ^{a, c}

1546 (28)

1361 (29)

185 (27)

 Weight loss (%)

956 (18%)

809 (17)

147 (21)

 Low level or inactive

1941 (36)

1626 (34)

315 (46)

 Moderate or vigorous

3492 (64)

3116 (66)

376 (54)

Gait speed, mean (SD), m/s ^a

0.84 (0.30)

0.85 (0.30)

0.74 (0.30)

Falls, No. (%)^a

1789 (33)

1519 (32)

270 (39)

Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg^a

138 (31)

138 (33)

139 (32)

Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg^a

74 (15)

74 (15)

73 (16)

Cardiovascular disease, No. (%)^d

750 (14)

635 (13)

115 (17)

Stroke, No. (%)

344 (6)

289 (6)

55 (8)

Diabetes, No. (%) ^{a, e}

512 (9)

442 (9)

70 (10)

Hypertension, No. (%)^e

2646 (49)

2294 (48)

352 (51)

Depression, No. (%)^{a, f}

1765 (32)

1489 (31)

276 (40)

Cognition (executive), mean (SD), pp^a

12 (3)

12 (3)

11 (3)

Cognition (memory), mean (SD), pp^a

15 (4)

15 (4)

12 (4)

Psychiatric diagnosis, No. (%)^e

425 (8)

369 (8)

56 (8)