Table 2 Overview on the sensitivity parameters

1) Bandwidth

Method of Terrell [38]

1/3, 2/3, 4/3, 5/3 of the base case bandwidth

2) Size of download area (edge correction)

1.4 * side length of the exact box

x * side length of the exact box,

with x ϵ {1.8, 2.2, 2.6, 3.0}

3) Number of grid points

35 × 35 grid points

70 × 70 grid points, 105 × 105 grid points

4) Interpolation method

Automatic interpolation with the R function “interp.surface”

Inverse distance weighting

density of the nearest grid cell

ordinary Kriging

5) Weighting scheme of the environmental factors

Equal weighting with unity

Double weighting of supermarkets and gyms