Fig. 4From: Increase in power by obtaining 10 or more controls per case when type-1 error is small in large-scale association studiesExpected p-value vs number of controls per cases, by the number of cases in a GWAS (α = 5 × 10–8) for OR = 1.1 and control minor allele frequency varying across plots from 0.5, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01. Dotted lines are expected p = α = 5 × 10–8 and “stringent” expected p = 3 × 10–12. P-values below 10–50 are not plotted. Both axes are on a log scaleBack to article page