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Fig. 1 | BMC Medical Research Methodology

Fig. 1

From: Assessing the transportability of clinical prediction models for cognitive impairment using causal models

Fig. 1

Directed acyclic graph of variables related to cognitive status. Predictor variables are marked in blue, and the outcome variable (cognitive status) in green. Directed arrows indicate assumed causal relationships between variables. The included variables are: APOE ε4 (apoe4), age, sex, education (educ), CSF-Aβ (aβ), history of alcohol abuse (alc), history of smoking behavior (smok), Body Mass Index (bmi), history of hypertension (hypert), CSF-tau (tau), history of cardiovascular events (cardio), cognitive status (cogn), hippocampus (hippo), ventricles (ventr), intracranial volume (icv), FDG-PET (fdg), Mini-Mental State Exam score (mmse)

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