Table 6 Adjusted GEE effect estimates for follow-up survey response and mode over time
From: Survey response over 15 years of follow-up in the Millennium Cohort Study
Responded: | ||
|---|---|---|
Web | Paper | |
AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
Panel (ref: 1) | ||
2 | 0.69 (0.67, 0.71) | 0.73 (0.70, 0.76) |
3 | 0.61 (0.59, 0.63) | 0.65 (0.62, 0.68) |
4 | 0.66 (0.63, 0.68) | 0.68 (0.65, 0.72) |
Wave (ref: 2) | ||
3 | 1.08 (1.06, 1.10) | 0.87 (0.85, 0.89) |
4 | 0.96 (0.94, 0.97) | 0.76 (0.73, 0.78) |
5 | 0.91 (0.89, 0.93) | 0.67 (0.64, 0.69) |
Female sex (ref: male) | 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) | 1.29 (1.25, 1.33) |
Birth year (ref: 1980 +) | ||
Pre-1960 | 3.38 (3.21, 3.55) | 4.93 (4.65, 5.24) |
1960–1969 | 2.00 (1.93, 2.08) | 2.22 (2.11, 2.33) |
1970–1979 | 1.17 (1.14, 1.20) | 1.20 (1.16, 1.25) |
Race and ethnicity (ref: non-Hispanic White) | ||
American or Alaskan Indian | 0.83 (0.77, 0.89) | 0.88 (0.79, 0.97) |
Asian or Pacific Islander | 0.84 (0.80, 0.87) | 0.78 (0.74, 0.83) |
Hispanic or Latino | 0.80 (0.78, 0.83) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.87) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 0.60 (0.59, 0.62) | 0.72 (0.70, 0.75) |
Multiracial | 0.89 (0.82, 0.96) | 0.76 (0.68, 0.85) |
Missing | 0.74 (0.52, 1.06) | 0.97 (0.64, 1.48) |
Educational attainment (ref: high school diploma or equivalent or less) | ||
Some college, no degree | 1.48 (1.45, 1.51) | 1.06 (1.03, 1.09) |
Associate degree | 2.05 (1.99, 2.11) | 1.34 (1.28, 1.40) |
Bachelor’s degree | 2.96 (2.87, 3.06) | 1.66 (1.59, 1.74) |
Postgraduate degree | 4.13 (3.95, 4.32) | 1.98 (1.86, 2.10) |
Missing | 0.64 (0.30, 1.37) | 1.54 (0.61, 3.89) |
Marital status (ref: never married) | ||
Married | 1.05 (1.03, 1.07) | 0.94 (0.91, 0.96) |
No longer married | 0.93 (0.90, 0.96) | 0.92 (0.88, 0.96) |
Missing | 0.84 (0.34, 2.06) | 0.89 (0.10, 7.59) |
Component status (ref: active duty) | ||
Reserve/National Guard | 0.73 (0.71, 0.75) | 1.26 (1.21, 1.31) |
Separated | 0.26 (0.26, 0.27) | 0.88 (0.85, 0.91) |
Service branch (ref: Army) | ||
Navy or Coast Guard | 1.05 (1.03, 1.08) | 0.99 (0.95, 1.02) |
Marine Corps | 1.17 (1.14, 1.22) | 1.20 (1.14, 1.25) |
Air Force | 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) | 0.77 (0.75, 0.80) |
Pay grade (ref: junior enlisted) | ||
Senior enlisted | 1.05 (1.02, 1.08) | 0.88 (0.85, 0.91) |
Officer | 0.92 (0.88, 0.95) | 0.72 (0.68, 0.76) |
Military occupation (ref: other) | ||
Admin/supply | 0.88 (0.86, 0.90) | 0.96 (0.93, 0.99) |
Health care | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) | 1.12 (1.08, 1.17) |
Combat specialist | 1.02 (0.99, 1.04) | 1.24 (1.20, 1.29) |
Length of service, 1-year interval | 0.99 (0.99, 0.99) | 0.99 (0.99, 0.99) |
Time deployed, 1-year interval | 1.02 (1.00, 1.03) | 0.96 (0.94, 0.98) |
Deployment experience (ref: not deployed) | ||
Deployed without combat | 1.11 (1.08, 1.14) | 1.13 (1.09, 1.18) |
Deployed with combat | 1.18 (1.15, 1.21) | 1.29 (1.25, 1.34) |
Deployed with unknown combat | 0.25 (0.25, 0.26) | 0.47 (0.44, 0.49) |
Life stressors (ref: none) | ||
One | 1.09 (1.07, 1.11) | 1.07 (1.04, 1.10) |
More than one | 1.12 (1.10, 1.15) | 1.09 (1.05, 1.13) |
Missing | 1.16 (1.05, 1.27) | 0.83 (0.72, 0.96) |
Mental healtha (ref: none) | ||
One | 1.15 (1.11, 1.18) | 1.18 (1.14, 1.23) |
More than one | 1.12 (1.08, 1.16) | 1.20 (1.15, 1.26) |
Missing | 0.82 (0.64, 1.06) | 1.00 (0.68, 1.46) |
Physical healtha (ref: none) | ||
One | 1.25 (1.23, 1.28) | 1.14 (1.11, 1.17) |
More than one | 1.64 (1.60, 1.69) | 1.39 (1.34, 1.44) |
Missing | 1.28 (1.05, 1.56) | 0.91 (0.68, 1.21) |
Unhealthy behaviorsa (ref: none) | ||
One | 0.86 (0.85, 0.88) | 0.84 (0.82, 0.86) |
More than one | 0.81 (0.79, 0.83) | 0.81 (0.78, 0.84) |
Missing | 0.89 (0.72, 1.11) | 0.80 (0.56, 1.14) |