Table 1 Explanatory variables description in Single-vehicle Run-off-road Crashes (n = 724)
Variable | Variable level | Total crashes | Fatal crashes |
|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | ||
Passenger presence | no | 321 (43.26%) | 29 (28.71%) |
yes | 421 (56.74%) | 72 (71.29%) | |
Crash day | weekday | 501 (67.52%) | 65 (64.36%) |
weekend | 241 (32.48%) | 36 (35.64%) | |
Lighting | day | 498 (67.12%) | 72 (71.29%) |
night | 218 (29.38%) | 27 (26.73%) | |
twilight/dawn | 26 (3.5%) | 2 (1.98%) | |
Clear/cloudy weather | no | 41 (5.53%) | 2 (1.98%) |
yes | 701 (94.74%) | 99 (98.02%) | |
Dry road surface | no | 45 (6.06%) | 2 (1.98%) |
yes | 697 (93.94%) | 99 (98.02%) | |
Curved geometric design | no | 628 (84.64%) | 82 (81.19%) |
yes | 114 (15.36%) | 19 (18.81%) | |
Vehicle factor | no | 731 (98.52%) | 99 (98.02%) |
yes | 11 (1.48%) | 2 (1.98%) | |
Human factor | no | 196 (26.42%) | 24 (23.76%) |
yes | 546 (73.58%) | 77 (76.24%) | |
Collision type | head-on collision | 176 (23.72%) | 38 (37.63%) |
rear-end collision | 311 (41.91%) | 41 (40.59%) | |
T-bone collision | 220 (29.65%) | 11 (10.89%) | |
side-swipe collision | 35 (4.72%) | 11 (10.89%) | |
Road shoulder | unpaved | 35 (4.72%) | 1 (0.99%) |
paved with soil | 349 (47.04%) | 47 (46.53%) | |
paved with asphalt | 358 (48.25%) | 53 (52.48%) | |
Road design | one-way road | 709 (95.55%) | 100 (99.01%) |
two-way road | 33 (4.45%) | 1 (0.99%) | |
Road defect | no | 702 (94.61%) | 91 (90.1%) |
yes | 40 (5.39%) | 10 (9.9%) | |
Permitted speed | 60–80 | 77 (10.38%) | 1 (0.99%) |
80–95 | 38 (5.12%) | 5 (4.95%) | |
95–110 | 545 (73.45%) | 83 (82.18%) | |
110–120 | 82 (11.05%) | 12 (11.88%) | |
Vehicle type | low | 578 (77.9%) | 83 (82.18%) |
high | 153 (20.62%) | 14 (13.86%) | |
tricycle/ bicycle/motorcycle | 11 (1.48%) | 4 (3.96%) | |
High-risk vehicle colora | no | 560 (75.47%) | 72 (71.29%) |
yes | 182 (24.53%) | 29 (28.71%) | |
Vehicle safety equipment | low risk | 456 (61.46%) | 60 (59.41%) |
high risk | 286 (38.54%) | 41 (40.59%) | |
Vehicle age | less than 5yrs | 261 (35.18%) | 44 (43.56%) |
5 to 9 yrs | 279 (37.6%) | 34 (33.66%) | |
10 to 14 yrs | 154 (20.75%) | 14 (13.86%) | |
15 and more than 15yrs | 48 (6.47%) | 9 (8.91%) | |
Vehicle plaque description | personal regional | 647 (87.2%) | 90 (89.11%) |
other | 95 (12.8%) | 11 (10.89%) | |
Vehicle maneuver | forward | 723 (97.44%) | 100 (99.01%) |
turn | 14 (1.89%) | 0 (0%) | |
other | 4 (54%) | 1 (0.99%) | |
backward | 1 (0.13%) | 0 (0%) | |
Driver fault status | at fault | 733 (98.79%) | 98 (97.03%) |
not at fault | 9 (1.21%) | 3 (2.97%) | |
Driver gender | male | 667 (89.89%) | 94 (93.07%) |
female | 75 (10.11%) | 7 (6.93%) | |
Driver educationb | illiterate | 13 (1.75%) | 3 (2.97%) |
primary | 69 (9.3%) | 7 (6.93%) | |
nonacademic | 595 (80.19%) | 76 (75.25%) | |
academic | 65 (8.76%) | 15 (14.85%) | |
Driver job | jobs with high economic status | 642 (86.52%) | 85 (84.16%) |
jobs with middle economic status | 60 (8.09%) | 14 (13.86%) | |
jobs with low economic status | 40 (5.39%) | 2 (1.98%) | |
Driver age (years)c | Child (< 18) | 1 (0.13%) | 0 (0%) |
Adult (18 -65) | 694 (93.53%) | 92 (91.09%) | |
Elderly (> = 65) | 47 (6.33%) | 9 (8.91%) | |
Type of driving license | class A | 83 (11.19%) | 7 (6.93%) |
class B | 250 (33.69%) | 33 (32.67%) | |
class C | 393 (52.96%) | 58 (57.43%) | |
motorcycle | 6 (0.81%) | 0 (0%) | |
no license | 10 (1.35%) | 3 (2.97%) | |
Driver seatbelt usage status | used | 525 (70.75%) | 58 (57.43%) |
not used | 217 (29.25%) | 43 (42.57%) | |
Driver Judiciary cause | carelessness | 725 (97.71%) | 94 (93.07%) |
other | 17 (2.29%) | 7 (6.93%) | |
Driver misconduct | spiral movement | 356 (47.98%) | 6 (5.94%) |
over speeding | 326 (43.94%) | 66 (65.35%) | |
other | 60 (8.09%) | 29 (28.71%) |