Table 1 Summary of transformations and privacy criteria used by variable type
From: Utilization of anonymization techniques to create an external control arm for clinical trial data
Variable types | Privacy Criteria | Transformations (Anonymization method) |
|---|---|---|
Identifiers | Suppression | |
Quasi identifiers | (k, ε)—anonymity | Noise (exponential mechanism) Samplinga |
Numerical variables | Differential privacy | Noise (Laplace mechanism) |
Categorical variables | Differential privacy | Noise (exponential mechanism) |
Metadata (record order within a table) | Record order-based attacks | Shuffling |