Table 2 Perspectives on barriers and facilitators to recruitment (based on data from phase-2 survey)
Category | Key perspectives and recommendations (n = number of respondents contributing to the recommendation) |
|---|---|
Trial design | - Public and patient involvement in the trial design is important so that participants' and staff needs are considered (n = 5) - Practically feasible trial processes and research questions are important (n = 4) |
Training | - Sufficient training, education, and written guidance for those responsible for recruitment is critical for trial recruitment (n = 18) |
Staff buy-in | - Improved awareness of trials (n = 13) amongst staff and encouraging a research culture and ‘buy in’ of staff members through building motivation, enthusiasm (n = 20) and providing clear information about the trial is needed (n = 13) |
Research culture and knowledge | - The benefit of approaching parents early (at antenatal stage if possible) was highlighted so that parents are made aware early of clinical trials and in providing time to consider the trial or be advised that they may be approached to take part in a trial (n = 4) - Building participant trust in the research process is important for successful recruitment (n = 10) |
Staff communication skills and rapport with potential participants | - Appropriate communication skills of staff (including the timing of when to approach parents), considering the often sensitive and distressing context of neonatal trials, are necessary (n = 13) - Due to the nature of many neonatal trials, the recruitment time is narrow and often in the immediate post-birth period, creating challenges for recruiters (n = 14) - Parental fear and uncertainty amongst parents about the potentially harmful effects on their baby during a time that is already distressing can present as a barrier to recruitment (n = 11); being able to build a rapport is required (n = 6) |
Team support and dedicated time | - A dedicated research nurse and active engagement from the clinical team and PI, and ensuring multiple staff members are trained in recruitment and consent specific to the trial are important (n = 35) - Limited staff availability, a lack of dedicated time, and competing with other trials are barriers that require consideration (n = 3) |
Participant documentation | - Clear documentation for potential trial participants is important (n = 11) |