Table 1 Name, table, figure, formula and interpretation of each estimator developed for the cross-sectional samples

Original variables

1

4

(10)

Percentages, confidence intervals at 95%, sample size and population estimations at measurement 4, grouped by sex and age, for the original categories of self-perceived general health.

Dichotomized variables

2

5

(10)

Evolution of percentages and confidence intervals at 95%, grouped by sex and age, of people with fair or poor self-perceived general health. If the confidence intervals for the same measurement do not overlap, it can be said that there are statistically significant differences between women and men. Similarly, if the confidence intervals of two different measurements do not overlap, it can be said that there are statistically significant differences between them.

Absolute/Relative change

No/3

6

(13)/(14)

Evolution of absolute/relative changes and confidence intervals at 95%, grouped by sex and age, of people with fair or poor self-perceived general health in each measurement compared to measurement 1. A positive value indicates an increase, in percentage points/terms, in the fair or poor self-perception of overall health of the corresponding measure compared to the first measure. Conversely, a negative value indicates a decrease, in percentage points/terms, in the fair or poor self-perception of overall health of the corresponding measure compared to the first one. If the confidence interval does not include the value 0, this increase or decrease can be said to be statistically significant. Similarly, if the confidence intervals for the same measurement do not overlap, it can be said that there are statistically significant differences between women and men.

Absolute/Relative gender gap

2

7

(15)/(16)

Evolution in each measurement (M) of absolute/relative gender gaps (women versus men) and confidence intervals at 95%, grouped by age, of people with fair or poor self-perceived general health. A positive value indicates that women show, in percentage points/terms, a larger value in comparison to men in their ’fair or poor’ self-perceived general health of the corresponding measurement. Therefore, this result could be seen as a negative gender gap (i.e., worse result or unfavorable to women) in the corresponding measurement. Conversely, a negative value indicates that women showed, in percentage points/terms, a smaller value in comparison to men in their ’fair or poor’ self-perceived general health. It could be seen as a positive gender gap (i.e., better result or favorable to women) in the corresponding measurement. If the confidence interval does not include the value 0, the corresponding gender gap can be said to be statistically significant.