Table 4 Quantitative results from the studies included in the present systematic review, according to anchor-based methods

1.1

Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire

Patient Global Impression of Improvement questionnaire (PGI-I)

6 weeks [49]

Bladder domain

Slight

Mean (SD)

1.5 (0.9)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.2

Global score

2.9 (2.9)

Low

1.3

Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL)

PGI-I

14 weeks [40]

Total score

Slight

Mean (SD)

6.3 (10.2)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

14 weeks [40]

Slight

MID

2.5

1.4

6 weeks [39]

Slight

Points

2

Low

1.5

6 weeks [39]

Strong

Points

13

1.6

PGI-I

14 weeks [40]

Avoidance and Limiting Behavior

Slight

Mean (SD)

2.7 (11.6)

Low

Psychosocial Impacts

5.6 (10.8)

Social Embarrassment

6.8 (14.8)

1.7

PGI-I

14 weeks [40]

Avoidance and Limiting Behavior

Slight

MID

2.5

Low

Psychosocial Impacts

2.3

Social Embarrassment

2.6

1.8

Voiding diary

6 weeks [39]

Total score

Strong

Points

5

Low

1.9

Pad test

6 weeks [39]

Total score

Strong

Points

2

Low

1.10

International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF)

PGI-I

16 weeks [45]

Total score

Slight

MID (SD)

2.52 (2.56)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.11

1-year [48]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

3.8 (2.7, 4.9)

Low

1.12

1-year [46]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

−4.8 (−5.6, −3.9)

Low

1.13

2-years [46]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

−4.2 (−5.1, −3.4)

Low

1.14

12 weeks: SIMS trial [50]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–3.8 (–5.5, –2.0)

Low

1.15

1-year: SIMS trial [50]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–4.7 (–6.1, –3.2)

Low

1.16

2-years: SIMS trial [50]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–3.0 (–4.5, –1.6)

Low

1.17

3-years: SIMS trial [50]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–1.6(–3.0, –0.2)

Low

1.18

16 weeks: OPAL trial [50]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–2.0(–2.7, –1.2)

Low

1.19

1-year: OPAL trial [50]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–1.7(–2.5, –1.0)

Low

1.20

2-years: OPAL trial [50]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–1.9(–2.7, –1.1)

Low

1.21

Satisfaction

1-year [48]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

4.4 (3.4, 5.4)

Low

1.22

1-year [46]

-5.2 (−6.6, −3.7)

Low

1.23

2-years [46]

−4.3 (−5.8, −2.8)

Low

1.24

Voiding diary

1-year [48]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

3.8 (2.1, 5.5)

Low

1.25

1-year [46]

Moderate

−4.8 (−7.5, −2.1)

Low

Strong

−4.5 (−5.8, −3.1)

Low

1.26

2-years [46]

Moderate

−3.1 (−5.7, −0.5)

Low

Strong

−4.1 (−5.3, −3.0)

Low

1.27

Pad-test

1-year [48]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

3.4 (2.0, 4.8)

Low

1.28

UDI

1-year [46]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

-5.1 (−5.9, −4.2)

Low

1.29

2-years [46]

-4.2 (−5.0, −3.4)

Low

1.30

IIQ

1-year [46]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

-5.7 (-6.8, -4.6)

Low

1.31

2-years [46]

-4.2 (−5.2, −3.1)

Low

1.32

ICIQ-Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Quality of Life (ICIQ-LUTSqol)

PGI-I

16 weeks [45]

Total score

Slight

MID (SD)

6.9 (2.9, 11.0)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.33

1-year [48]

Strong

MID (95%CI)

3.71 (4.95)

Low

1.34

Satisfaction

1-year [48]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

5.4 (1.3, 9.5)

Low

1.35

Voiding diary

1-year [48]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

4.8 (1.4, 10.9)

Low

1.36

Pad-test

1-year [48]

Total score

Strong

MID (95%CI)

5.2(0.5, 9.8)

Low

1.37

Urinary Impact Questionnaire (UIQ)

PGI-I

12 weeks [41]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

−6 (−22.8, 9.8)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.38

Satisfaction

12 weeks [43]

Total score

Slight

MID

-28

Low

1.39

Voiding diary

12 weeks [41]

Total score

Moderate

MID (95%CI)

−17.0 (−32.9, −1.1)

Low

1.40

Incontinence Severity Index

12 weeks [41]

Total score

Calculations were based on 1 point of difference for each level of severity that had changed (very severe to severe, severe to moderate, moderate to slight)

MID (95%CI)

−16.

(−26.4, −5.7)

Low

1.41

10-cm VAS score indicating the severity of symptoms

12 weeks [43]

Total score

Slight

MID

-14

Low

1.42

Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI)

PGI-I

12 weeks [41]

Total score

Slight

MID (95%CI)

−6.4 (−19.4, 6.5)

Low

1.43

Global Perception of Improvement

10 weeks [42]

Total score

Moderate

MID (Min-Max)

-35.3 (-51.9, -18.8)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.44

8 months [42]

-42.5 (-56.5, -28.6)

Low

1.45

Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire

10 weeks [42]

Total score

Strong

MID (Min-Max)

-38.1 (-63.3, -12.8)

Low

1.46

8 months [42]

-40.5 (-56.8, -24.1)

Low

1.47

Incontinence Severity Index

12 weeks [41]

Total score

Calculations were based on 1 point of difference for each level of severity that had changed (very severe to severe, severe to moderate, moderate to slight)

MID (95%CI)

−11.1 (−19.8, −2.3)

Low

1.48

Satisfaction

12 weeks [43]

Total score

Slight

MID

-14

Low

1.49

Voiding diary

12 weeks [41]

Total score

Moderate

MID (95%CI)

-22.4 (-36.5, -8.2)

Low

1.50

10 weeks [42]

MID (Min-Max)

-41.2 (-67.6; -14.9)

Low

1.51

8 months [42]

MID (Min-Max)

-36.2(-56.5, -15.8)

Low

1.52

Voiding diary

8 months [42]

Total score

Strong

MID (Min-Max)

44.6 (-58.3, -30.9)

Low

1.53

10-cm VAS score indicating the severity of symptoms

12 weeks [43]

Total score

Slight

MID

-30

Low

1.54

UDI-Subscale

Global Perception of Improvement

10 weeks [42]

Irritative subscale

Moderate

MID (Min-Max)

-22.9 (-30.5, -15.4)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.55

8 months [42]

-17.9 (-23.9, -11.9)

Low

1.56

Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire

10 weeks [42]

Irritative subscale

Strong

MID (Min-Max)

-25.3

(-37.1, -13.6)

Low

1.57

8 months [42]

-20.1 (-27.2, -12.9)

Low

1.58

Voiding diary

10 weeks [42]

Irritative subscale

Moderate

MID (Min-Max)

-14.5

(-26.6, -2.4)

Low

1.59

8 months [42]

-19.1 (-28.2, -10.0)

Low

1.60

Voiding diary

10 weeks [42]

Irritative subscale

Strong

MID (Min-Max)

-18.1 (-24.0, -12.1)

Low

1.61

8 months [42]

-19 (-25.3, -12.8)

Low

1.62

UDI-Subscale

PGI-I

12 weeks [41]

Stress subscale

Slight

MID (95%CI)

−4.6 (−12.7, 3.5)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.63

Voiding diary

12 weeks [41]

Stress subscale

Moderate

MID (95%CI)

-16.5 (−24.5, −8.3)

Low

1.64

Incontinene Severity Index

12 weeks [41]

Stress subscale

Calculations were based on 1 point of difference for each level of severity that had changed (very severe to severe, severe to moderate, moderate to slight)

MID (95%CI)

−7.5 (−12.7, −2.3)

Low

1.65

Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q)

Global Perception of Improvement

10 weeks [42]

Total score

Moderate

MID (Min-Max)

-20.6 (-27.8, -13.4)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.66

8 months [42]

-12.7 (-18.4, -7.0)

Low

1.67

Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire

10 weeks [42]

Total score

Strong

MID (Min-Max)

-25.0 (-36.2, -13.7)

Low

1.68

8 months [42]

-14.9 (-22.1, -7.7)

Low

1.69

Voiding diary

10 weeks [42]

Total score

Moderate

MID (Min-Max)

-16.3 (-27.2, -5.5)

Low

1.70

8 months [42]

-19.3 (-27.6, -11.1)

Low

1.71

Voiding diary

10 weeks [42]

Total score

Strong

MID (Min-Max)

-16.5 (-21.9, -11.1)

Low

1.72

8 months [42]

-18.2 (-23.8, -12.5)

Low

1.73

International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS)

PGI-I

1-year: SIMS trial [50]

Incontinence domain

Slight

MID (95%CI)

–1.8(–3.1, –0.6)

Low

⨁◯◯◯

Very low

1.74

2-years: SIMS trial [50]

–3.2(–4.4, –2.0)

Low

1.75

3-years: SIMS trial [50]

–0.7(–1.8,0.5)

Low

1.76

6 months: OPAL trial [50]

–1.4(–2.1, –0.7)

Low

1.77

1-year: OPAL trial [50]

–1.3(–1.9, –0.6)

Low

1.78

2-years: OPAL trial [50]

–1.9(–2.6, –1.1)

Low