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  1. Potentially, unit-specific in-vitro calibration of accelerometers could increase field data quality and study power. However, reduced inter-unit variability would only be important if random instrument variabi...

    Authors: Niels C Moeller, Lars Korsholm, Peter L Kristensen, Lars B Andersen, Niels Wedderkopp and Karsten Froberg
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Published false positive research findings are a major problem in the process of scientific discovery. There is a high rate of lack of replication of results in clinical research in general, multiple sclerosis...

    Authors: Martin Daumer, Ulrike Held, Katja Ickstadt, Moritz Heinz, Siegfried Schach and George Ebers
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Non-participants can have a considerable influence on the external validity of a study. Therefore, we assessed the socio-demographic, health-related, and lifestyle behavioral differences between participants a...

    Authors: Jeroen Lakerveld, Wilhelmina IJzelenberg, Maurits W van Tulder, Irene M Hellemans, Jan A Rauwerda, Albert C van Rossum and Jaap C Seidell
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Public health benefits from research often rely on the use of data from personal medical records. When neither patient consent nor anonymisation is possible, the case for accessing such records for research pu...

    Authors: Una Macleod and Graham CM Watt
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. As in any measurement process, a certain amount of error may be expected in routine population surveillance operations such as those in demographic surveillance sites (DSSs). Vital events are likely to be miss...

    Authors: Edward Fottrell, Peter Byass and Yemane Berhane
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Interim analysis of accumulating trial data is important to protect participant safety during randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data Monitoring Committees (DMCs) often undertake such analyses, but their wid...

    Authors: Puvan Tharmanathan, Melanie Calvert, John Hampton and Nick Freemantle
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:12
    Content type: Correspondence Published on:

  9. When a therapy has been evaluated in the first clinical study, the outcome is often compared descriptively to outcomes in corresponding cohorts receiving other treatments. Such comparisons are often limited to...

    Authors: Harald J Hamre, Anja Glockmann, Wilfried Tröger, Gunver S Kienle and Helmut Kiene
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Little is known about the impact of data collection method on self-reported cancer screening behaviours, particularly among hard-to-reach populations. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of dat...

    Authors: Melissa A Clark, Michelle L Rogers, Gene F Armstrong, William Rakowski and Frederick J Kviz
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. It is usually preferable to model and estimate prevalence ratios instead of odds ratios in cross-sectional studies when diseases or injuries are not rare. Problems with existing methods of modeling prevalence ...

    Authors: Martin R Petersen and James A Deddens
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. One attraction of meta-analysis is the forest plot, a compact overview of the essential data included in a systematic review and the overall 'result'. However, meta-analysis is not always suitable for synthesi...

    Authors: David Ogilvie, Debra Fayter, Mark Petticrew, Amanda Sowden, Sian Thomas, Margaret Whitehead and Gill Worthy
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. A spectrum effect was defined as differences in the sensitivity or specificity of a diagnostic test according to the patient's characteristics or disease features. A spectrum effect can lead to a spectrum bias...

    Authors: Caroline Elie and Joël Coste
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Malaria is a major public health problem in Malawi, however, quantifying its burden in a population is a challenge. Routine hospital data provide a proxy for measuring the incidence of severe malaria and for c...

    Authors: Lawrence N Kazembe, Tobias F Chirwa, Jupiter S Simbeye and Jimmy J Namangale
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Electronic monitoring (EM) is used increasingly to measure medication non-adherence. Unbiased EM assessment requires fulfillment of assumptions. The purpose of this study was to determine assumptions needed fo...

    Authors: Kris Denhaerynck, Petra Schäfer-Keller, James Young, Jürg Steiger, Andreas Bock and Sabina De Geest
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is widely applied, although the evidence base is weak. Previous reviews on medical interventions have shown that conclusions based on published data alone may no longer h...

    Authors: Frank Peinemann, Natalie McGauran, Stefan Sauerland and Stefan Lange
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Missing data may bias the results of clinical trials and other studies. This study describes the response rate, questionnaire responses and financial costs associated with offering participants from a multilin...

    Authors: Elizabeth Dormandy, Katrina Brown, Erin P Reid and Theresa M Marteau
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. We have previously described a method for dealing with missing data in a prospective cardiac registry initiative. The method involves merging registry data to corresponding ICD-9-CM administrative data to fill...

    Authors: Danielle A Southern, Colleen M Norris, Hude Quan, Fiona M Shrive, P Diane Galbraith, Karin Humphries, Min Gao, Merril L Knudtson and William A Ghali
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2008 8:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Incidence and lifetime risk of diabetes are important public health measures. Traditionally, nonparametric estimates are obtained from survey data by means of a Nelson-Aalen estimator which requires data infor...

    Authors: Henrik Støvring and Mei-Cheng Wang
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:53
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The criteria for stopping Delphi studies are often subjective. This study aimed to examine whether consensus and stability in the Delphi process can be ascertained by descriptive evaluation of trends in partic...

    Authors: Elizabeth A Holey, Jennifer L Feeley, John Dixon and Vicki J Whittaker
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:52
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Low response and reporting errors are major concerns for survey epidemiologists. However, while nonresponse is commonly investigated, the effects of misclassification are often ignored, possibly because they a...

    Authors: A Rosemary Tate, Margaret Jones, Lisa Hull, Nicola T Fear, Roberto Rona, Simon Wessely and Matthew Hotopf
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:51
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. The most commonly used survey methods are self-administered questionnaires, telephone interviews, and a mixture of both. But until now evidence out of randomised controlled trials as to whether patient respons...

    Authors: Margitta Lungenhausen, Stefan Lange, Christoph Maier, Claudia Schaub, Hans J Trampisch and Heinz G Endres
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:50
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Although there have been reported benefits of health education interventions across various health issues, the key to program effectiveness is participation and retention. Unfortunately, not everyone is willin...

    Authors: Enza Gucciardi, Jill I Cameron, Chen Di Liao, Alison Palmer and Donna E Stewart
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:47
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The lack of robust systems for monitoring quality in healthcare has been highlighted. Statistical process control (SPC) methods, utilizing the increasingly available routinely collected electronic patient reco...

    Authors: Thabani Sibanda and Nokuthaba Sibanda
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:46
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Birth weight and length have seasonal fluctuations. Previous analyses of birth weight by latitude effects identified seemingly contradictory results, showing both 6 and 12 monthly periodicities in weight. The ...

    Authors: John McGrath, Adrian Barnett, Darryl Eyles, Thomas Burne, Carsten B Pedersen and Preben Bo Mortensen
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:45
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. In an effort to identify previously unrecognized aspects of editorial decision-making, we explored the words and phrases that one group of editors used during their meetings.

    Authors: Kay Dickersin, Elizabeth Ssemanda, Catherine Mansell and Drummond Rennie
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:44
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Disorders related to pregnancy and childbirth are a major health issue in South East Asia. They represent one of the biggest health risk differentials between the developed and developing world. Our broad rese...

    Authors: David J Henderson-Smart, Pisake Lumbiganon, Mario R Festin, Jacqueline J Ho, Hakimi Mohammad, Steve J McDonald, Sally Green and Caroline A Crowther
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:43
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  31. Recruiting and retaining GPs for research can prove difficult, and may result in sub-optimal patient participation where GPs are required to recruit patients. Low participation rates may affect the validity of...

    Authors: Michelle K Williamson, Jane Pirkis, Jon J Pfaff, Orla Tyson, Moira Sim, Ngaire Kerse, Nicola T Lautenschlager, Nigel P Stocks and Osvaldo P Almeida
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:42
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. We aimed at assessing the degree of measurement error in essential fatty acid intakes from a food frequency questionnaire and the impact of correcting for such an error on precision and bias of odds ratios in ...

    Authors: May A Beydoun, Jay S Kaufman, Joseph Ibrahim, Jessie A Satia and Gerardo Heiss
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:41
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. This study compares the Bayesian and frequentist (non-Bayesian) approaches in the modelling of the association between the risk of preterm birth and maternal proximity to hazardous waste and pollution from the...

    Authors: Afisi S Ismaila, Angelo Canty and Lehana Thabane
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:39
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The Bayesian approach is now widely recognised as a proper framework for analysing risk in health care. However, the traditional text-book Bayesian approach is in many cases difficult to implement, as it is ba...

    Authors: Terje Aven and Karianne Eidesen
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:38
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The widespread international use of the 26-item WHO Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL-Bref) necessitates the assessment of its factor structure across cultures. For, alternative factor models may provide a be...

    Authors: Jude U Ohaeri, Abdel W Awadalla, Abdul-Hamid M El-Abassi and Anila Jacob
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The purpose of this study was to validate the accuracy of an alternative cervical cancer test – visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) – by addressing possible imperfections in the gold standard through late...

    Authors: Lynne Gaffikin, John A McGrath, Marc Arbyn and Paul D Blumenthal
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Missing data is a challenging problem in many prognostic studies. Multiple imputation (MI) accounts for imputation uncertainty that allows for adequate statistical testing. We developed and tested a methodolog...

    Authors: Martijn W Heymans, Stef van Buuren, Dirk L Knol, Willem van Mechelen and Henrica CW de Vet
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. With the advent of high throughput genotyping technology and the information available via projects such as the human genome sequencing and the HapMap project, more and more data relevant to the study of genet...

    Authors: Angela J Frodsham and Julian PT Higgins
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. The 'Hawthorne Effect' may be an important factor affecting the generalisability of clinical research to routine practice, but has been little studied. Hawthorne Effects have been reported in previous clinical...

    Authors: Rob McCarney, James Warner, Steve Iliffe, Robbert van Haselen, Mark Griffin and Peter Fisher
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Hierarchical modelling represents a statistical method used to analyze nested data, as those concerning patients afferent to different hospitals. Aim of this paper is to build a hierarchical regression model u...

    Authors: Paola D'Errigo, Maria E Tosti, Danilo Fusco, Carlo A Perucci and Fulvia Seccareccia
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Information overload, increasing time constraints, and inappropriate search strategies complicate the detection of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). The aim of this study was to provide clinicians with reco...

    Authors: Andrea Haase, Markus Follmann, Guido Skipka and Hanna Kirchner
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Data for health surveys are often collected using either mailed questionnaires, telephone interviews or a combination. Mode of data collection can affect the propensity to refuse to respond and result in diffe...

    Authors: Helene Feveile, Ole Olsen and Annie Hogh
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Understanding the relationships between physical activity (PA) and disease has become a major area of research interest. Activity monitors, devices that quantify free-living PA for prolonged periods of time (d...

    Authors: David R Paul, Matthew Kramer, Alanna J Moshfegh, David J Baer and William V Rumpler
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. There is much evidence to suggest that risk for common clinical disorders begins in foetal life. Exposure to environmental risk factors however is often not random. Many commonly used indices of prenatal adver...

    Authors: Anita Thapar, Gordon Harold, Frances Rice, XiaoJia Ge, Jacky Boivin, Dale Hay, Marianne van den Bree and Allyson Lewis
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. To investigate the interchangeability of measures of disability and health-related quality of life (HRQL) by comparing their associations patterns with disease-related impairment measures in patients with a va...

    Authors: Nadine Weisscher, Rob J de Haan and Marinus Vermeulen
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The ability to locate those sampled has important implications for response rates and thus the success of survey research. The purpose of this study was to examine predictors of locating women requiring tracin...

    Authors: Suzanne M Cadarette, Leigh Dickson, Monique AM Gignac, Dorcas E Beaton, Susan B Jaglal and Gillian A Hawker
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007 7:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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BMC Medical Research Methodology

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