Articles
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Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:34
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Performance of Firth-and logF-type penalized methods in risk prediction for small or sparse binary data
When developing risk models for binary data with small or sparse data sets, the standard maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) based logistic regression faces several problems including biased or infinite estima...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:33 -
A statistical method utilizing information of imported cases to estimate the transmissibility for an influenza pandemic
In a new influenza pandemic, travel data such as arrival times of cases seeded by the originating country can be regarded as a combination of the epidemic size and the mobility networks of infections connectin...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:31 -
Participant retention practices in longitudinal clinical research studies with high retention rates
There is a need for improving cohort retention in longitudinal studies. Our objective was to identify cohort retention strategies and implementation approaches used in studies with high retention rates.
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:30 -
Estimation of treatment preference effects in clinical trials when some participants are indifferent to treatment choice
In the two-stage randomised trial design, a randomly sampled subset of study participants are permitted to choose their own treatment, while the remaining participants are randomised to treatment in the usual ...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:29 -
A comparison of analytic approaches for individual patient data meta-analyses with binary outcomes
Individual patient data meta-analyses (IPD-MA) are often performed using a one-stage approach-- a form of generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) for binary outcomes. We compare (i) one-stage to two-stage approa...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:28 -
On the censored cost-effectiveness analysis using copula information
Information and theory beyond copula concepts are essential to understand the dependence relationship between several marginal covariates distributions. In a therapeutic trial data scheme, most of the time, ce...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:27 -
Generating evidence on a risk-based monitoring approach in the academic setting – lessons learned
In spite of efforts to employ risk-based strategies to increase monitoring efficiency in the academic setting, empirical evidence on their effectiveness remains sparse. This mixed-methods study aimed to evalua...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:26 -
Self-controlled designs in pharmacoepidemiology involving electronic healthcare databases: a systematic review
Observational studies are widely used in pharmacoepidemiology. Several designs can be used, in particular self-controlled designs (case-crossover and self-controlled case series). These designs offer the advan...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:25 -
Testing a systematic approach to identify and prioritise barriers to successful implementation of a complex healthcare intervention
Multiple barriers may inhibit the adoption of clinical interventions and impede successful implementation. Use of standardised methods to prioritise barriers to target when selecting implementation interventio...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:24 -
Utilising identifier error variation in linkage of large administrative data sources
Linkage of administrative data sources often relies on probabilistic methods using a set of common identifiers (e.g. sex, date of birth, postcode). Variation in data quality on an individual or organisational ...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:23 -
Efficient confidence limits for adaptive one-arm two-stage clinical trials with binary endpoints
Recently, several adaptive one-arm two-stage designs have been developed by fully using the information from previous stages to reduce the expected sample size in clinical trials with binary endpoints as prima...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:22 -
What impact do assumptions about missing data have on conclusions? A practical sensitivity analysis for a cancer survival registry
Within epidemiological and clinical research, missing data are a common issue and often over looked in publications. When the issue of missing observations is addressed it is usually assumed that the missing d...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:21 -
Impact of communities, health, and emotional-related factors on smoking use: comparison of joint modeling of mean and dispersion and Bayes’ hierarchical models on add health survey
The analysis of correlated binary data is commonly addressed through the use of conditional models with random effects included in the systematic component as opposed to generalized estimating equations (GEE) ...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:20 -
Erratum to: A threshold method for immunological correlates of protection
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:19 -
Motivations for (non)participation in population-based health studies among the elderly – comparison of participants and nonparticipants of a prospective study on influenza vaccination
Participation in epidemiological studies has strongly declined in recent years. We examined the reasons for (non)participation in population-based health studies among participants and nonparticipants of a pro...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:18 -
Evaluation of biases present in the cohort multiple randomised controlled trial design: a simulation study
The cohort multiple randomised controlled trial (cmRCT) design provides an opportunity to incorporate the benefits of randomisation within clinical practice; thus reducing costs, integrating electronic healthc...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:17 -
Assessing and adjusting for non-response in the Millennium Cohort Family Study
In conducting population-based surveys, it is important to thoroughly examine and adjust for potential non-response bias to improve the representativeness of the sample prior to conducting analyses of the data...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:16 -
Measuring health-related quality of life in cervical cancer patients: a systematic review of the most used questionnaires and their validity
Data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is paramount for shared and evidence based decision-making. Since an overview of cervical cancer HRQoL tools and their validity appears to be lacking, we performe...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:15 -
Psychometric analysis of the brief symptom inventory 18 (BSI-18) in a representative German sample
The BSI-18 contains the three six-item scales somatization, depression, and anxiety as well as the Global Severity Index (GSI), including all 18 items. The BSI-18 is the latest and shortest of the multidimensi...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:14 -
Estimating the size of the homeless adolescent population across seven cities in Cambodia
The Government of Cambodia has committed to supporting family care for vulnerable children, including homeless populations. Collecting baseline data on the numbers and characteristics of homeless adolescents w...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:13 -
Ridle for sparse regression with mandatory covariates with application to the genetic assessment of histologic grades of breast cancer
Many questions in statistical genomics can be formulated in terms of variable selection of candidate biological factors for modeling a trait or quantity of interest. Often, in these applications, additional co...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:12 -
Multiple triangulation and collaborative research using qualitative methods to explore decision making in pre-hospital emergency care
Paramedics make important and increasingly complex decisions at scene about patient care. Patient safety implications of influences on decision making in the pre-hospital setting were previously under-research...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:11 -
Comparison of methods for estimating the attributable risk in the context of survival analysis
The attributable risk (AR) measures the proportion of disease cases that can be attributed to an exposure in the population. Several definitions and estimation methods have been proposed for survival data.
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:10 -
Estimating cardiovascular disease incidence from prevalence: a spreadsheet based model
Disease incidence and prevalence are both core indicators of population health. Incidence is generally not as readily accessible as prevalence. Cohort studies and electronic health record systems are two major...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:9 -
Erratum to: Sample size calculations for cluster randomised controlled trials with a fixed number of clusters
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:8 -
Estimating a population cumulative incidence under calendar time trends
The risk of a disease or psychiatric disorder is frequently measured by the age-specific cumulative incidence. Cumulative incidence estimates are often derived in cohort studies with individuals recruited over...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:7 -
A double SIMEX approach for bivariate random-effects meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies
Bivariate random-effects models represent a widely accepted and recommended approach for meta-analysis of test accuracy studies. Standard likelihood methods routinely used for inference are prone to several dr...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:6 -
Centralising and optimising decentralised stroke care systems: a simulation study on short-term costs and effects
Centralisation of thrombolysis may offer substantial benefits. The aim of this study was to assess short term costs and effects of centralisation of thrombolysis and optimised care in a decentralised system.
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:5 -
Development of a Microsoft Excel tool for one-parameter Rasch model of continuous items: an application to a safety attitude survey
Many continuous item responses (CIRs) are encountered in healthcare settings, but no one uses item response theory’s (IRT) probabilistic modeling to present graphical presentations for interpreting CIR results...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:4 -
G-computation of average treatment effects on the treated and the untreated
Average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) and the untreated (ATU) are useful when there is interest in: the evaluation of the effects of treatments or interventions on those who received them, the presenc...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:3 -
Outcome-sensitive multiple imputation: a simulation study
Multiple imputation is frequently used to deal with missing data in healthcare research. Although it is known that the outcome should be included in the imputation model when imputing missing covariate values,...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:2 -
Clinical prediction in defined populations: a simulation study investigating when and how to aggregate existing models
Clinical prediction models (CPMs) are increasingly deployed to support healthcare decisions but they are derived inconsistently, in part due to limited data. An emerging alternative is to aggregate existing CP...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2017 17:1 -
Can longitudinal generalized estimating equation models distinguish network influence and homophily? An agent-based modeling approach to measurement characteristics
Connected individuals (or nodes) in a network are more likely to be similar than two randomly selected nodes due to homophily and/or network influence. Distinguishing between these two influences is an importa...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:174 -
Multiple and mixed methods in formative evaluation: Is more better? Reflections from a South African study
Formative programme evaluations assess intervention implementation processes, and are seen widely as a way of unlocking the ‘black box’ of any programme in order to explore and understand why a programme funct...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:173 -
A comparative study: classification vs. user-based collaborative filtering for clinical prediction
Recommender systems have shown tremendous value for the prediction of personalized item recommendations for individuals in a variety of settings (e.g., marketing, e-commerce, etc.). User-based collaborative fi...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:172 -
Inter-rater reliability of the QuIS as an assessment of the quality of staff-inpatient interactions
Recent studies of the quality of in-hospital care have used the Quality of Interaction Schedule (QuIS) to rate interactions observed between staff and inpatients in a variety of ward conditions. The QuIS was d...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:171 -
Erratum to: Assessment of predictive performance in incomplete data by combining internal validation and multiple imputation
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:170 -
Sexual Health questions included in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Study: an international methodological pilot investigation
This paper describes the methodological developments of the sexual health items included in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study since their mandatory inclusion in the study in 2002. The c...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:169 -
Joint models for longitudinal and time-to-event data: a review of reporting quality with a view to meta-analysis
Joint models for longitudinal and time-to-event data are commonly used to simultaneously analyse correlated data in single study cases. Synthesis of evidence from multiple studies using meta-analysis is a natu...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:168 -
ImpRess: an Implementation Readiness checklist developed using a systematic review of randomised controlled trials assessing cognitive stimulation for dementia
Research reporting results of clinical trials, psychosocial or technological interventions frequently omit critical details needed to inform implementation in practice. The aim of this article is to develop an...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:167 -
Drug*placebo interaction effect may bias clinical trials interpretation: hybrid balanced placebo and randomized placebo-controlled design
Conventional randomized placebo-controlled study design assumes the absence of drug*placebo interaction. We hypothesized the presence of such an interaction and that conventionally estimated drug effect might ...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:166 -
Recommendations for the analysis of individually randomised controlled trials with clustering in one arm – a case of continuous outcomes
In an individually randomised controlled trial where the treatment is delivered by a health professional it seems likely that the effectiveness of the treatment, independent of any treatment effect, could depe...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:165 -
Erratum to: Statistical methodology for age-adjustment of the GH-2000 score detecting growth hormone misuse
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:164 -
No rationale for 1 variable per 10 events criterion for binary logistic regression analysis
Ten events per variable (EPV) is a widely advocated minimal criterion for sample size considerations in logistic regression analysis. Of three previous simulation studies that examined this minimal EPV criteri...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:163 -
Conducting a large, multi-site survey about patients’ views on broad consent: challenges and solutions
As biobanks play an increasing role in the genomic research that will lead to precision medicine, input from diverse and large populations of patients in a variety of health care settings will be important in ...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:162 -
Optimizing literature search in systematic reviews – are MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL enough for identifying effect studies within the area of musculoskeletal disorders?
When conducting systematic reviews, it is essential to perform a comprehensive literature search to identify all published studies relevant to the specific research question. The Cochrane Collaborations Method...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:161 -
Predictors of in-hospital mortality following major lower extremity amputations in type 2 diabetic patients using artificial neural networks
Outcome prediction is important in the clinical decision-making process. Artificial neural networks (ANN) have been used to predict the risk of post-operative events, including survival, and are increasingly b...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:160 -
Common data elements for secondary use of electronic health record data for clinical trial execution and serious adverse event reporting
Data capture is one of the most expensive phases during the conduct of a clinical trial and the increasing use of electronic health records (EHR) offers significant savings to clinical research. To facilitate ...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:159 -
Does size really matter? A sensitivity analysis of number of seeds in a respondent-driven sampling study of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada
Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is an increasingly used peer chain-recruitment method to sample “hard-to-reach” populations for whom there are no reliable sampling frames. Implementation success of RDS varies...
Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2016 16:157
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