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  1. Systematic reviews are an essential tool in identifying knowledge gaps and synthesizing evidence from in vivo animal research to improve human health. The review process follows an explicit and systematic meth...

    Authors: Alexandra Bannach-Brown, Torsten Rackoll, Nurcennet Kaynak, Natascha Drude, René Aquarius, Sofija Vojvodić, Mariana Abreu, Julia M. L. Menon and Kimberley E. Wever
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:20
  2. The global research response to the COVID-19 pandemic was impressive, but also led to an infodemic and considerable research waste. Registered, but unpublished trials added to this noise. We aimed to determine...

    Authors: Lisa Fincham, Ameer Hohlfeld, Mike Clarke, Tamara Kredo and Michael McCaul
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:19
  3. An inability to successfully recruit participants into clinical research has consequences that negatively affect the conduct and reliability of research studies. Understanding facilitators of research particip...

    Authors: Charles Start, Meagan McBride, Guohao Zhu, Sana Shaikh and Jennifer Pierce
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:18
  4. Treatment switching in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is a problem for health technology assessment when substantial proportions of patients switch onto effective treatments that would not be available in...

    Authors: Nicholas R Latimer, Alice Dewdney and Marco Campioni
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:17
  5. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths and imposes an enormous economic burden on patients. It is important to develop an accurate risk assessment model to determine the appropriate treatment for pati...

    Authors: Lu Zhong, Fan Yang, Shanshan Sun, Lijie Wang, Hong Yu, Xiushan Nie, Ailing Liu, Ning Xu, Lanfang Zhang, Mingjuan Zhang, Yue Qi, Huaijun Ji, Guiyuan Liu, Huan Zhao, Yinan Jiang, Jingyi Li…
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:16
  6. Sample size calculation is a central aspect in planning of clinical trials. The sample size is calculated based on parameter assumptions, like the treatment effect and the endpoint’s variance. A fundamental pr...

    Authors: Björn Bokelmann, Geraldine Rauch, Jan Meis, Meinhard Kieser and Carolin Herrmann
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:15
  7. Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that causes over 300 million infections worldwide each year with no specific treatment available. Effective surveillance systems are needed for outbreak detection and resourc...

    Authors: Chawarat Rotejanaprasert, Kawin Chinpong, Andrew B. Lawson, Peerut Chienwichai and Richard J. Maude
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:14
  8. Community optometrists in Scotland have performed regular free-at-point-of-care eye examinations for all, for over 15 years. Eye examinations include retinal imaging but image storage is fragmented and they ar...

    Authors: Claire Tochel, Emma Pead, Alice McTrusty, Fiona Buckmaster, Tom MacGillivray, Andrew J. Tatham, Niall C. Strang, Baljean Dhillon and Miguel O. Bernabeu
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:13
  9. Seamless phase 2/3 design has become increasingly popular in clinical trials with a single endpoint. Trials that define success based on the achievement of all co-primary endpoints (CPEs) encounter the challen...

    Authors: Jiaying Yang, Guochun Li, Dongqing Yang, Juan Wu, Junqin Wang, Xingsu Gao and Pei Liu
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:12
  10. In this article we describe the methodology of the time-to-event continual reassessment method in the presence of partial orders (PO-TITE-CRM) and the process of implementing this trial design into a phase I t...

    Authors: Amit Patel, Kristian Brock, Daniel Slade, Claire Gaunt, Anthony Kong, Hisham Mehanna, Lucinda Billingham and Piers Gaunt
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:11
  11. Dengue infection ranges from asymptomatic to severe and life-threatening, with no specific treatment available. Vector control is crucial for interrupting its transmission cycle. Accurate estimation of outbrea...

    Authors: Chawarat Rotejanaprasert, Darin Areechokchai and Richard J. Maude
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:10
  12. Preprints are increasingly used to disseminate research results, providing multiple sources of information for the same study. We assessed the consistency in effect estimates between preprint and subsequent jo...

    Authors: Mauricia Davidson, Theodoros Evrenoglou, Carolina Graña, Anna Chaimani and Isabelle Boutron
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:9
  13. Prescribing cascades occur when patients are prescribed medication to treat the adverse drug reaction of previously prescribed medication. Prescription sequence symmetry analysis (PSSA) can be used to assess t...

    Authors: Mandy R. S. Hendrix, Mustafa Yasar, Atiya K. Mohammad, Jacqueline G. Hugtenburg, Joost W. Vanhommerig, Ruveyda Gündoğan-Yilmaz, Patricia M. L. A. van den Bemt, Petra Denig and Fatma Karapinar-Carkıt
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:8
  14. The validity of self-reported chronic conditions has been assessed by comparing them with medical records or register data in several studies. However, the reliability of self-reports of chronic diseases has l...

    Authors: Bernd Kowall, Carolin Girschik and Susanne Stolpe
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:7
  15. Meta-analysis poses a challenge when original study results have been expressed in a non-uniform manner, such as when regression results from some original studies were based on a log-transformed key independe...

    Authors: Matthew W. Linakis, Cynthia Van Landingham, Alessandro Gasparini and Matthew P. Longnecker
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:6
  16. In the last decades, medical research fields studying rare conditions such as spinal cord injury (SCI) have made extensive efforts to collect large-scale data. However, most analysis methods rely on complete d...

    Authors: Lucie Bourguignon, Louis P. Lukas, James D. Guest, Fred H. Geisler, Vanessa Noonan, Armin Curt, Sarah C. Brüningk and Catherine R. Jutzeler
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:5
  17. Identification of difficult laryngoscopy is a frequent demand in cervical spondylosis clinical surgery. This work aims to develop a hybrid architecture for identifying difficult laryngoscopy based on new indexes.

    Authors: XiaoXiao Liu, Colin Flanagan, Gang Li, Yiming Lei, Liaoyuan Zeng, Jingchao Fang, Xiangyang Guo, Sean McGrath and Yongzheng Han
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:4
  18. In any single-arm trial on novel treatments, assessment of toxicity plays an important role as occurrence of adverse events (AEs) is relevant for application in clinical practice. In the presence of a non-fata...

    Authors: Elena Tassistro, Davide Paolo Bernasconi, Maria Grazia Valsecchi and Laura Antolini
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:3
  19. Estimation of mortality rates and mortality rate ratios (MRR) of diseased and non-diseased individuals is a core metric of disease impact used in chronic disease epidemiology. Estimation of mortality rates is ...

    Authors: Sabrina Voß, Annika Hoyer, Sandra Landwehr, Meda E. Pavkov, Edward Gregg and Ralph Brinks
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:2
  20. Effective care coordination may increase clinical efficiency, but its measurement remains difficult. The established metric “care density” (CD) measures care coordination based on patient-sharing among physici...

    Authors: Alexander Engels, Claudia Konnopka, Espen Henken, Martin Härter and Hans-Helmut König
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2024 24:1
  21. Implications for research (IfR) sections are an important part of systematic reviews (SRs) to inform health care researchers and policy makers. PRISMA 2020 recommends reporting IfR, while Cochrane Reviews requ...

    Authors: W. Siemens, G. Bantle, C. Ebner, A. Blümle, G. Becker, G. Schwarzer and J. J. Meerpohl
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:302
  22. To demonstrate bioequivalence between two drug formulations, a pilot trial is often conducted prior to a pivotal trial to assess feasibility and gain preliminary information about the treatment effect. Due to ...

    Authors: Duo Lv, Michael J. Grayling, Xinyue Zhang, Qingwei Zhao and Haiyan Zheng
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:301
  23. Non-compliance is a common challenge for researchers and may reduce the power of an intention-to-treat analysis. Whilst a per protocol approach attempts to deal with this issue, it can result in biased estimat...

    Authors: Lucy Abell, Francesca Maher, Angus C Jennings and Laura J Gray
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:300
  24. We recently developed a novel, preference-based method (Better-Worse, BW) for measuring health status, expressed as a single metric value. We have since expanded it by developing the Drop-Down (DD) method. Thi...

    Authors: Xin Zhang and Paul F. M. Krabbe
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:299
  25. The Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) for parameters of the gamma distribution is commonly used to estimate models of right-skewed variables such as costs, hospital length of stay, and appointment wait times ...

    Authors: Peter Veazie, Orna Intrator, Bruce Kinosian and Ciaran S. Phibbs
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:298
  26. Studying clinician-patient communication can be challenging, particularly when research seeks to explore cause-and-effect relationships. Video vignettes – hypothetical yet realistic scenarios – offer advantage...

    Authors: Caitríona Cox, Thea Hatfield, Jordan Moxey and Zoë Fritz
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:296
  27. Prospective cohorts may be vulnerable to bias due to attrition. Inverse probability weights have been proposed as a method to help mitigate this bias. The current study used the “All Our Families” longitudinal...

    Authors: Tona M. Pitt, Erin Hetherington, Kamala Adhikari, Shainur Premji, Nicole Racine, Suzanne C. Tough and Sheila McDonald
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:295
  28. This research-on-research substudy uses a data-driven approach to investigate the range of appraisal tools in non-Cochrane systematic reviews and meta-analyses registered in the International Prospective Regis...

    Authors: J. Ruano, J. Gay-Mimbrera, M. Aguilar-Luque, F. Gómez-García, E. Parra-Peralbo and B. Isla-Tejera
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:294
  29. Complete reporting is essential for clinical research. However, the endorsement of reporting guidelines in radiological journals is still unclear. Further, as a field extensively utilizing artificial intellige...

    Authors: Jingyu Zhong, Yue Xing, Junjie Lu, Guangcheng Zhang, Shiqi Mao, Haoda Chen, Qian Yin, Qingqing Cen, Run Jiang, Yangfan Hu, Defang Ding, Xiang Ge, Huan Zhang and Weiwu Yao
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:292
  30. This study introduces a novel method for estimating the variance of life expectancy since diagnosis (LEC) and loss in life expectancy (LLE) for cancer patients within a relative survival framework in situations w...

    Authors: Yuliya Leontyeva, Mats Lambe, Hannah Bower, Paul C. Lambert and Therese M.-L. Andersson
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:291
  31. Indigenous experiences and perspectives of resilience, healing and recovery from trauma is gaining increasing attention, with a growing qualitative literature that spans multiple indigenous cultural groups. Ho...

    Authors: Graham Gee, Carol Hulbert, Helen Kennedy, Joanne Dwyer, John Egan, Linda Holmes, Anita Mobourne and Yin Paradies
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:290
  32. In the past two decades, there has been a growing recognition of the need to establish indigenous standards or reference growth charts, particularly following the WHO multicenter growth study in 2006. The avai...

    Authors: Muhammad Aasim and Sohail Chand
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:289
  33. With continuous outcomes, the average causal effect is typically defined using a contrast of expected potential outcomes. However, in the presence of skewed outcome data, the expectation (population mean) may ...

    Authors: Daisy A. Shepherd, Benjamin R. Baer and Margarita Moreno-Betancur
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:288
  34. Case-cohort studies are conducted within cohort studies, with the defining feature that collection of exposure data is limited to a subset of the cohort, leading to a large proportion of missing data by design...

    Authors: Melissa Middleton, Cattram Nguyen, John B. Carlin, Margarita Moreno-Betancur and Katherine J. Lee
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:287
  35. Utilizing the traditional Cox regression model to identify the factors affecting the risk of mortality due to microinvasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (micSCC) may produce skewed results. Since cause-sp...

    Authors: Suzheng Zheng, Shuping Xie, Hai Yu, Xi Duan, Yong He, Chichien Ho, Yang Wan, Tie Hang, Wenhui Chen, Jun Lyu and Liehua Deng
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:286
  36. Deep learning models have had a lot of success in various fields. However, on structured data they have struggled. Here we apply four state-of-the-art supervised deep learning models using the attention mechan...

    Authors: Egill A. Fridgeirsson, David Sontag and Peter Rijnbeek
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:285
  37. Qualitative longitudinal research (QLR) is an emerging methodology used in health research. The method literature states that the change in a phenomenon through time should be the focus of any QLR study, but i...

    Authors: Åsa Audulv, Thomas Westergren, Mette Spliid Ludvigsen, Mona Kyndi Pedersen, Liv Fegran, Elisabeth O. C. Hall, Hanne Aagaard, Nastasja Robstad and Åsa Kneck
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:284
  38. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are evaluated for quality with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) tool, and this is increasingly done for different countries and regional group...

    Authors: Marli Mc Allister, Ivan D. Florez, Suzaan Stoker and Michael McCaul
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:283
  39. This study aimed to assess the methodological quality of the systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) using A Measurement Tool to Assess systemat...

    Authors: Xin Guan, Yongfeng Lao, Jian Wang, Yanan Wang, Yanan Bai, Xiaolong Li, Shuai Liu, Zewen Li, Fuhan Li and Zhilong Dong
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:281
  40. Automated feature selection methods such as the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) have recently gained importance in the prediction of quality-related outcomes as well as the risk-adjustm...

    Authors: Stella Bollmann, Andreas Groll and Michael M. Havranek
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:280
  41. Clinical trials often seek to determine the superiority, equivalence, or non-inferiority of an experimental condition (e.g., a new drug) compared to a control condition (e.g., a placebo or an already existing ...

    Authors: Maximilian Linde and Don van Ravenzwaaij
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:279
  42. Factors influencing the health of populations are subjects of interdisciplinary study. However, datasets relevant to public health often lack interdisciplinary breath. It is difficult to combine data on health...

    Authors: Ryan T. Rego, Yuri Zhukov, Kyrani A. Reneau, Amy Pienta, Kristina L. Rice, Patrick Brady, Geoffrey H. Siwo, Peninah Wanjiku Wachira, Amina Abubakar, Ken Kollman and Akbar K. Waljee
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:278
  43. The interrupted time series (ITS) design is widely used to examine the effects of large-scale public health interventions and has the highest level of evidence validity. However, there is a notable gap regardi...

    Authors: Xiangliang Zhang, Kunpeng Wu, Yan Pan, Wenfang Zhong, Yixiang Zhou, Tingting Guo, Rong Yin and Wen Chen
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:277
  44. Assessing malignancy risk is important to choose appropriate management of ovarian tumors. We compared six algorithms to estimate the probabilities that an ovarian tumor is benign, borderline malignant, stage ...

    Authors: Ashleigh Ledger, Jolien Ceusters, Lil Valentin, Antonia Testa, Caroline Van Holsbeke, Dorella Franchi, Tom Bourne, Wouter Froyman, Dirk Timmerman and Ben Van Calster
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:276
  45. For certain conditions, treatments aim to lessen deterioration over time. A trial outcome could be change in a continuous measure, analysed using a random slopes model with a different slope in each treatment ...

    Authors: Katy E. Morgan, Ian R. White and Chris Frost
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:274
  46. Since 1997, research on Gulf War illness (GWI) has predominantly used 3 case definitions—the original Research definition, the CDC definition, and modifications of the Kansas definition—but they have not been ...

    Authors: Robert W. Haley, Jill A. Dever, Gerald Kramer and John F. Teiber
    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2023 23:273

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