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  1. Content type: Research article

    Population attributable fractions (PAF) measure the proportion of disease prevalence that would be avoided in a hypothetical population, similar to the population of interest, but where a particular risk facto...

    Authors: John Ferguson, Neil O’Leary, Fabrizio Maturo, Salim Yusuf and Martin O’Donnell

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:186

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  2. Content type: Research article

    An overarching objective in research comparing different sample groups is to ensure that the reported differences in outcomes are not affected by differences between groups in the functioning of the measuremen...

    Authors: Curt Hagquist

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:185

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  3. Content type: Research article

    This article describes a bibliometric review of the scientific production, geographical distribution, collaboration, impact, and subject area focus of pneumonia research indexed on the Web of Science over a 15...

    Authors: José M. Ramos-Rincón, Héctor Pinargote-Celorio, Isabel Belinchón-Romero and Gregorio González-Alcaide

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:184

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) is considered the gold standard for investigating subgroup effects. Frequently used regression-based approaches to detect subgroups in IPD-MA are: meta-regres...

    Authors: Michail Belias, Maroeska M. Rovers, Johannes B. Reitsma, Thomas P. A. Debray and Joanna IntHout

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:183

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Long-term clinical outcomes are necessary to assess the cost-effectiveness of new treatments over a lifetime horizon. Without long-term clinical trial data, current practice to extrapolate survival beyond the ...

    Authors: Shannon Cope, Dieter Ayers, Jie Zhang, Katharine Batt and Jeroen P. Jansen

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:182

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Loneliness and social isolation are major determinants of mental wellbeing, especially among older adults. The effectiveness of interventions to address loneliness and social isolation among older adults has b...

    Authors: Janet Ige, Lynn Gibbons, Issy Bray and Selena Gray

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:181

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  7. Content type: Research article

    The use of systematic review methods are widely recognized to be essential in the development of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines to prove their trustworthiness. The objective of this study was ...

    Authors: Chiara Trevisiol, Michela Cinquini, Aline S. C. Fabricio, Massimo Gion and Anne W. S. Rutjes

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:180

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  8. Content type: Research article

    Health services have not provided adequate support for young people with long term health conditions to transfer from child to adult services. National Institute of Health and Care (NICE) guidance on transitio...

    Authors: Helen Eke, Astrid Janssens, Johnny Downs, Richard M. Lynn, Cornelius Ani and Tamsin Ford

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:179

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  9. Content type: Research article

    Current methods for assessing strength of evidence prioritize the contributions of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The objective of this study was to characterize strength of evidence (SOE) tools in recen...

    Authors: D. L. Katz, M. C. Karlsen, M. Chung, M. M. Shams-White, L. W. Green, J. Fielding, A. Saito and W. Willett

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:178

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  10. Content type: Research article

    The use of real-world data to generate evidence requires careful assessment and validation of critical variables before drawing clinical conclusions. Prospective clinical trial data suggest that anatomic origi...

    Authors: Patricia Luhn, Deborah Kuk, Gillis Carrigan, Nathan Nussbaum, Rachael Sorg, Rebecca Rohrer, Melisa G. Tucker, Brandon Arnieri, Michael D. Taylor and Neal J. Meropol

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:177

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a group of inherited conditions characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. The rarity and heterogeneity of the population with MD have hindered therapeutic de...

    Authors: Xiaoxue Chen, Abiy Agiro, Ann S. Martin, Ann M. Lucas and Kevin Haynes

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:174

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  14. Content type: Research article

    Research reporting guidelines are increasingly commonplace and shown to improve the quality of published health research and health outcomes. Despite severe health inequities among Indigenous Peoples and the p...

    Authors: Tania Huria, Suetonia C. Palmer, Suzanne Pitama, Lutz Beckert, Cameron Lacey, Shaun Ewen and Linda Tuhiwai Smith

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:173

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Hospitals are common recruitment sites for injury and disability studies. However, the clinical and rehabilitation environment can create unique challenges for researchers to recruit participant populations. W...

    Authors: Michelle S. Fitts, Taeha Condon, John Gilroy, Katrina Bird, Erica Bleakley, Lauren Matheson, Jennifer Fleming, Alan R. Clough, Adrian Esterman, Paul Maruff and India Bohanna

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:172

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Participants in voluntary research present a different demographic profile than those who choose not to participate, affecting the generalizability of many studies. Efforts to evaluate these differences have f...

    Authors: Simone Dahrouge, Catherine Deri Armstrong, William Hogg, Jatinderpreet Singh and Clare Liddy

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:171

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Assessing the risk of bias (RoB) in included studies is one of the key methodological aspects of systematic reviews. Cochrane systematic reviews appraise RoB of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with the Coc...

    Authors: Ognjen Barcot, Matija Boric, Tina Poklepovic Pericic, Marija Cavar, Svjetlana Dosenovic, Ivana Vuka and Livia Puljak

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:170

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  18. Content type: Research article

    Longitudinal qualitative research is starting to be used in applied health research, having been popular in social research for several decades. There is potential for a large volume of complex data to be capt...

    Authors: Laura Sheard and Claire Marsh

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:169

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Today we are often interested in the predictive value of a continuous marker with respect to the expected difference in outcome between a new treatment and a standard treatment. We can investigate this in a ra...

    Authors: Maren Eckert and Werner Vach

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:168

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO) are gaining more and more importance in the context of clinical trials. The assessment of PRO is frequently performed by questionnaires where the multiple items of a questionnai...

    Authors: Manuel Feißt, André Hennigs, Jörg Heil, Helfried Moosbrugger, Augustin Kelava, Ilona Stolpner, Meinhard Kieser and Geraldine Rauch

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:167

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Analysis of competing risks is commonly achieved through a cause specific or a subdistribution framework using Cox or Fine & Gray models, respectively. The estimation of treatment effects in observational data...

    Authors: Michael Andrew Barrowman, Niels Peek, Mark Lambie, Glen Philip Martin and Matthew Sperrin

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:166

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  22. Content type: Research article

    Although criticisms regarding the dichotomisation of continuous variables are well known, applying logit model to dichotomised outcomes is the convention because the odds ratios are easily obtained and they ap...

    Authors: Ying Chen, Yilin Ning, Shih Ling Kao, Nathalie C. Støer, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider, Kavita Venkataraman, Eric Yin Hao Khoo, E-Shyong Tai and Chuen Seng Tan

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:165

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  23. Content type: Research article

    The quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SR/MAs) depends on the extent of the methods used. We investigated the methodological steps used by authors of SR/MAs of clinical trials via an author survey.

    Authors: Hoang Thi Nam Giang, Ali Mahmoud Ahmed, Reem Yousry Fala, Mohamed Magdy Khattab, Mona Hassan Ahmed Othman, Sara Attia Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Le Phuong Thao, Ahmed Elsaid Abd Elsamie Gabl, Samar Ahmed Elrashedy, Peter N. Lee, Kenji Hirayama, Hosni Salem and Nguyen Tien Huy

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:164

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Many prodromal Alzheimer’s disease trials collect two types of data: the time until clinical diagnosis of dementia and longitudinal patient information. These data are often analysed separately, although they ...

    Authors: Floor M. van Oudenhoven, Sophie H.N. Swinkels, Tobias Hartmann, Hilkka Soininen, Anneke M.J. van Hees and Dimitris Rizopoulos

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:163

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Omics data can be very informative in survival analysis and may improve the prognostic ability of classical models based on clinical risk factors for various diseases, for example breast cancer. Recent researc...

    Authors: Alexander Volkmann, Riccardo De Bin, Willi Sauerbrei and Anne-Laure Boulesteix

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:162

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  26. Content type: Research article

    In many clinical trials continuous outcomes are dichotomized to compare proportions of patients who respond. A common and recommended approach to handling missing data in responder analysis is to impute as non...

    Authors: Lysbeth Floden and Melanie L. Bell

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:161

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  27. Content type: Research article

    Statistics are frequently used in health advocacy to attract attention, but are often misinterpreted. The Figure Interpretation Assessment Tool–Health (FIAT-Health) 1.0 was developed to support systematic asse...

    Authors: Reinie G. Gerrits, Niek S. Klazinga, Michael J. van den Berg and Dionne S. Kringos

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:160

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  29. Content type: Correction

    In the original publication of this article [1], “=1 −  = 1 −   ≈ s” was mistakenly added after the sentence “ In this method, the unadjusted p-values pj are multiplied by the number of primary outcome” in the Me...

    Authors: Victoria Vickerstaff, Rumana Z. Omar and Gareth Ambler

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:158

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    The original article was published in BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:129

  30. Content type: Research article

    Sleeping under a long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) is recommended for all pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa, due to the high prevalence of malaria infection and its associated complications in the region...

    Authors: Ahmed Dahiru Balami, Salmiah Md Said, Nor Afiah Mohd Zulkefli, Norsa’adah Bachok and Emmanuel Luke Balami

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:157

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Pragmatic randomized, controlled trials (PCTs) test the effectiveness of interventions implemented in routine clinical practice. Because PCT findings are generalizable, this approach is gaining momentum among ...

    Authors: Rosa R. Baier, Eric Jutkowitz, Susan L. Mitchell, Ellen McCreedy and Vincent Mor

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:156

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  32. Content type: Research article

    The identification of sections in narrative content of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has demonstrated to improve the performance of clinical extraction tasks; however, there is not yet a shared understanding...

    Authors: Alexandra Pomares-Quimbaya, Markus Kreuzthaler and Stefan Schulz

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:155

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  33. Content type: Research article

    In low-income countries, studies demonstrate greater access and utilization of maternal and neonatal health services, yet mortality rates remain high with poor quality increasingly scrutinized as a potential p...

    Authors: Danielle Wilhelm, Julia Lohmann, Manuela De Allegri, Jobiba Chinkhumba, Adamson S. Muula and Stephan Brenner

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:154

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  34. Content type: Research article

    The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the literature on the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and influenza immunization and to examine how certain measures of SES may influence i...

    Authors: Kelsey Lucyk, Kimberley A. Simmonds, Diane L. Lorenzetti, Steven J. Drews, Lawrence W. Svenson and Margaret L. Russell

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:153

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  35. Content type: Research article

    In recent years, the availability of publicly available data related to public health has significantly increased. These data have substantial potential to develop public health policy; however, this requires ...

    Authors: Paul van Schaik, Yonghong Peng, Adedokun Ojelabi and Jonathan Ling

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:152

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Improving response rates in epidemiologic studies is important for the generalizability of the outcome. The aim of this study was to examine whether it can be advantageous for participation to target different...

    Authors: Anne Illemann Christensen, Peter Lynn and Janne Schurmann Tolstrup

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:151

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  37. Content type: Research article

    Randomized controlled trials are the gold-standard for clinical trials. However, randomization is not always feasible. In this article we propose a prospective and adaptive matched case-control trial design as...

    Authors: Dorothea Weber, Lorenz Uhlmann, Silvia Schönenberger and Meinhard Kieser

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:150

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  38. Content type: Technical advance

    In the context of environmentally influenced communicable diseases, proximity to environmental sources results in spatial heterogeneity of risk, which is sometimes difficult to measure in the field. Most preve...

    Authors: Abdoulaye Guindo, Issaka Sagara, Boukary Ouedraogo, Kankoe Sallah, Mahamadoun Hamady Assadou, Sara Healy, Patrick Duffy, Ogobara K. Doumbo, Alassane Dicko, Roch Giorgi and Jean Gaudart

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:149

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  39. Content type: Research article

    There is an increasing number of published systematic reviews (SR) of dose-response meta-analyses (DRMAs) over the past decades. However, the quality of abstract reporting of these SR-DRMAs remains to be under...

    Authors: Peng-Li Jia, Bin Xu, Jing-Min Cheng, Xi-Hao Huang, Joey S. W. Kwong, Yu Liu, Chao Zhang, Ying Han and Chang Xu

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:148

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  40. Content type: Research article

    The attendance to cervical cancer screening is low among immigrants in many high-income countries. Although several interventions have been experimentally tested,implementation remains a challenge. Several fac...

    Authors: Samera A. Qureshi, Abdi Gele, Prabhjot Kour, Kathy A. Møen, Bernadette Kumar and Esperanza Diaz

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:147

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  41. Content type: Research article

    To reliably evaluate the acceptance and use of computer-based prostate cancer decision aids (CBDAs) for African-American men, culturally relevant measures are needed. This study describes the development and i...

    Authors: Otis L. Owens, Nikki R. Wooten and Abbas S. Tavakoli

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:146

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  42. Content type: Research article

    The life expectancy of cancer patients, and the loss in expectation of life as compared to the life expectancy without cancer, is a useful measure of cancer patient survival and complement the more commonly re...

    Authors: Therese M.-L. Andersson, Mark J. Rutherford and Paul C. Lambert

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:145

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Postal surveys are widely used in scientific studies, including dietary surveys, but few studies about methods to increase participation in national dietary surveys are published. In the present study we compa...

    Authors: Jannicke Borch Myhre, Lene Frost Andersen, Kristin Holvik, Helene Astrup and Anne Lene Kristiansen

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:144

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Sequence symmetry analysis (SSA) is a signal detection method that can be used to assist with adverse drug event detection. It provides both a risk estimate and a data visualisation. Published methods provide ...

    Authors: Adrian Kym Preiss, Elizabeth Ellen Roughead and Nicole Leanne Pratt

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:143

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Incidence rates of advanced cancer stages are important, e.g., for monitoring cancer screening programs. However, information from cancer registries on tumor stage is often incomplete. Exemplified by colorecta...

    Authors: Katja Anita Oppelt, Sabine Luttmann, Klaus Kraywinkel and Ulrike Haug

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:142

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  46. Content type: Research article

    In most cases, the total scores from different instruments assessing the same construct are not directly comparable, but must be equated. In this study we aimed to illustrate a novel test equating methodology ...

    Authors: Núria Duran Adroher, Svend Kreiner, Carolyn Young, Roger Mills and Alan Tennant

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:141

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  47. Content type: Research article

    The multicriteria decision method (MCDM) aims to find conflicts among alternatives by comparing and evaluating them according to various criteria to reach the best compromise solution. The evaluation of a new ...

    Authors: Giovanni Improta, Antonietta Perrone, Mario Alessandro Russo and Maria Triassi

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:140

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  48. Content type: Research article

    Information exchange between physician and patient is crucial to achieve patient involvement, shared decision making and treatment adherence. No reliable method exists for measuring how much information physic...

    Authors: J. M. Nordfalk, P. Gulbrandsen, J. Gerwing, M. Nylenna and J. Menichetti

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:139

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Monetary incentive is often used to increase response rate in smokers’ survey, but such effect of prepaid and promised incentives in a follow-up survey is unknown. We compared the effect of different incentive...

    Authors: Yee Tak Derek Cheung, Xue Weng, Man Ping Wang, Sai Yin Ho, Antonio Cho Shing Kwong, Vienna Wai Yin Lai and Tai Hing Lam

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:138

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard when evaluating the causal effects of healthcare interventions. When RCTs cannot be used (e.g. ethically difficult), the interrupted time se...

    Authors: Jemma Hudson, Shona Fielding and Craig R. Ramsay

    Citation: BMC Medical Research Methodology 2019 19:137

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